Factores asociados a recaída en pacientes con cáncer de mama de una institución de Bogotá

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cáncer is the leading cause of cáncer among women and the first cause of cáncer related death among Hispanic and second cause among other races, not taking into account the great social and economic impact, associated with this pathology. This encourages the realization of own studies that expand our knowledge and contribute to the Colombian literature, a publication that reflects the factors associated with breast cáncer recurrence. Methods: A retrospective analytical observational case-control study. 267 medical records of patients diagnosed with breast cáncer were taken, classified according to clinical stage and molecular expression of the tumor; the factors strongly associated to recurrence were analyzed. Results: The total population consisted of 267 women of which 58 presented recurrence, with a case – control ratio 1:3,6. At the time of evaluation of the groups, age, tumor classification, parity and histology, it was concluded that these groups are comparable. A mortality rate of 13.8% in patients who had tumor recurrence vs 0% mortality in those cases with no recurrence was observed. Additionally, a relationship between the presence of HER 2 receptor and tumor relapse is evident, although it is not statistically significant, it is important to consider its clinical implication. The presence of estrogen and progesterone receptor is not a predictor of recurrence. Performing surgery has shown to be a protective factor. Finally, age, clinical stage at the time of diagnosis and molecular tumor classification shown statistically significant association to breast cáncer recurrence. Conclusions: Factors associated with recurrence in patients with breast cáncer in an institution of Bogotá, Colombia are: age, clinical stage at diagnosis and molecular classification of tumor. This findings confirm the aggressiveness of triple negative tumors. All findings are compatible with the ones described in the literature, but our study was aimed to a specific population, with specific characteristics.