Prevalencia y factores asociados al síndrome de agotamiento profesional en residentes de diferentes especialidades médicas : una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 15 años

Abstract

Burnout Syndrome is common in health workers, particularly those exposed to high levels of stress at work and includes emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal fulfillment. Resident physicians are considered to have a higher prevalence of the syndrome than physicians because they are in training, during which time they are subjected to high workload due to long working hours, irregular hours, sleep deprivation, intense demands Emotional as well as pressure to master a great clinical knowledge. Objective. To determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in the resident medical population. Methodology. A search of articles in the Pubmed electronic database was carried out, selecting those published between 2001 and 2016, both in English and Spanish, in full text and focused on studies in resident physicians. Results. The findings suggest that the Burnout Syndrome is highly prevalent, varying according to the residence being performed, finding an average of 50% with a range of 27% to 75% among the different specialties of the studied population And, consequently, may constitute a health problem that deserves attention in each institution, even though the prevalence may vary from place to place and in the different specialties. Conclusions. The Burnout Syndrome is a health problem among the population of resident physicians, which suggests the desirability of designing measures for its prevention, such as informing the induction of the residence program about the risk of the onset of the syndrome and its symptoms, consult early Before signs of alarm, to adapt the epidemiological surveillance system to include this specific condition and adjust or reduce the work load among others