This paper examines the Chilean constituent process as it relates to the demands for recognition made by Chile’s indigenous peoples. First, we synthesize the theoretical guidelines of what we have called a democratic, pluralistic and intercultural horizon. Second, we postulate a basic condition for the effectiveness of the rights recognized to indigenous peoples. Methodologically, among other aspects, this premises are based on comparison in contrast. Third, we formulate some critical reflections or "intercultural keys" in relation to the New Constitution Project. © 2022, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Catholic University of Temuco. All rights reserved.