Otro
Biological characterization of the Amazon coral Micrurus spixii snake venom: isolation of a new neurotoxic phospholipase A2
Registro en:
Toxicon : Official Journal Of The International Society On Toxinology, v. 103, p. 1-11, 2015.
1879-3150
10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.06.011
26095535
Autor
Terra, Angelo Laurence Covatti
Moreira-Dill, Leandro Soares
Simões-Silva, Rodrigo
Monteiro, José Roniele do Nascimento
Cavalcante, Walter Luís Garrido
Gallacci, Márcia
Barros, Neuza Biguinati
Nicolete, Roberto
Teles, Carolina Bioni Garcia
Medeiros, Patrícia Soares Maria de
Zanchi, Fernando Berton
Zuliani, Juliana Pavan
Calderon, Leonardo de Azevedo
Stábeli, Rodrigo Guerino
Soares, Andreimar Martins
Resumen
The Micrurus genus is the American representative of Elapidae family. Micrurus spixii is endemic of South America and northern states of Brazil. Elapidic venoms contain neurotoxins that promote curare-mimetic neuromuscular blockage. In this study, biochemical and functional characterizations of M. spixii crude venom were performed and a new neurotoxic phospholipase A2 called MsPLA2-I was isolated. M. spixii crude venom caused severe swelling in the legs of tested mice and significant release of creatine kinase (CK) showing its myotoxic activity. Leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 1.24 μg/mL) was also observed, along with antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, which are unprecedented for Micrurus venoms. MsPLA2-I with a Mr 12,809.4 Da was isolated from the crude venom of M. spixii. The N-terminal sequencing of a fragment of 60 amino acids showed 80% similarity with another PLA2 from Micrurus altirostris. This toxin and the crude venom showed phospholipase activity. In a mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation, M. spixii venom and MsPLA2-I induced the blockage of both direct and indirect twitches. While the venom presented a pronounced myotoxic activity, MsPLA2-I expressed a summation of neurotoxic activity. The results of this study make M. spixii crude venom promising compounds in the exploration of molecules with microbicidal potential. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coodernação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)