Traditional medicines play an important role in protecting the health of all ethnic groups around the world, and their importance in the development of medical and health services cannot be overstated. The Orchidaceae family includes some of the most beautiful flowers in the world, each with its own unique shape, color, and form. Potted and cut flower orchids are big business because the bioactive components in them are great for your health. Arundima graminifolia (Orchidaceae) has been extensively used for wide range of ethnopharmacological activities, including rheumatism, food poisoning, snake bites, traumatic injuries, detoxification and heat clearance. It is also utilized to treat pneumonia, tuberculosis and bronchitis by the ethnic people. The recent two decades of fruitful achievements in its chemical constituent investigations have laid a foundation for the study of its therapeutically material basis and action mechanism, which will help clarify its broad-spectrum detoxification mechanism and develop into a modern pharmaceutical preparation. This suggests that the whole plant of A. graminifolia is more important than other orchid species for extracting bioactive constituents such as flavonoids, phenylpropanoid, phenanthrene, glycosides, bibenzyl and phenolic compounds for medicinal purposes. The bamboo orchid is a promising species for studying the efficacy to obtain pharmaceutical products due to its short life cycle and accumulation of bioactive ingredients in multiple plant parts. This review summarizes the current medicinal usage, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of this high value species.