Biocatalysts represented by enzymes and enzyme-containing whole cells are generally fragile and easily inactivated in practical application conditions. The immobilization concept and techniques have been recognized as classic and powerful strategy for tackling such challenges (Hanefeld et al., 2009). Based on this background, a special Research Topic entitled Enzyme or Whole Cell Immobilization for Efficient Biocatalysis: Focusing on Novel Supporting Platforms and Immobilization Techniques had been organized and presented in the platform of Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, which aimed to collect different insights and latest findings regarding but not limited to new theories, techniques and methodologies in this area. Over the past year since Sept. 2019, this Research Topic has attracted 242 authors from more than 10 countries to participate and contribute their manuscripts. Consequently, this special issue has selected and presented 40 peer-reviewed articles to meet the readers, including 31 Original Researches, four Brief Research Reports, four Reviews, and one General Commentary, which involved various aspects and every corner of this area.