Infectious processes in the vagina due to infectious micro-organisms are very common. Vulvovaginitis is commonly caused by protozoa, yeasts, bacteria and/orviruses and their eradication or containment are usually mediated by cytokines ofthe vaginal mucosa. In this study, the intention was to measure the concentration of cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-? and TNF-? and their relationship with some of the infections. One-hundred and seventy three women were included, with ages between 16 and 48 years (mean=31.4 ± 6.5 years). They were distributed into four groups: control, candidiasis, trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginitis group. The samples were subsequently submitted to culture and identification of micro-organism, followed by cytokine measurements. The data was submitted to statistical analysis. Median, interquartile range and the Mann-Whitney test was employed and considered significant when p<0.05. The levels of cytokines in the lower genital-tract of women with candidiasis, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginitis were higher than those with normal flora. Sixty (34.7%) women were in the control group, 19 (11.0%) presented only candidiasis, three (1.7%) presented trichomoniasis, and only ten presented (5.8%) bacterial vaginosis. The remaining participants had comorbidities such as HPV or bacterial vaginosis, although the study of these last two or association with other conditions was not performed. IL-2 and IL-12 were significantly elevated in the presence of candidiasis, compared with the control group p=0.01 and p=0.07, respectively. Patients with bacterial vaginitis also had statistically significant increased levels for IL-2 (p=0.03) and for IL-12 (p=0.04). TNF-? was elevated only in the presence of trichomoniasis p=0.04. We concluded that patients with vaginal infections had an increase in the concentrations of some cytokines.Os processos infecciosos na vagina devidos a micro-organismos sao muito comuns. As vulvovaginites sao, em grande parte, causadas por protozoarios, leveduras, bacterias e/ou virus. Sua erradicacao ou contencao e normalmente mediada pelas citocinas da mucosa vaginal. O presente estudo teve a intencao de verificar a concentracao de citocinas IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-ƒÁ, TNF-ƒ e suas relacoes com alguns dos agentes das infeccoes. Foram incluidas 173 mulheres sexualmente ativas com idade entre 16 e 48 anos, media de 31,4 } 6,5 anos, as quais foram divididas nos seguintes grupos: controle, com candidiase, com tricomoniase e com vaginite bacteriana. As amostras foram submetidas ao cultivo e, posteriormente, a identificacao do micro-organismo. Em seguida, foi feita a dosagem de citocinas da secrecao endocervical por meio do teste ELISA. Os dados foram submetidos a analise estatistica, calculando-se a mediana e o intervalo interquartil, e ao teste Mann-Whitney. Os resultados foram considerados significantes com p < 0,05. Verificou-se uma maior concentração de diferentes citocinas no trato genital inferior de mulheres com candidiase, tricomoniase, vaginite bacteriana do que naquelas com microbiota normal. No grupo controle, foram incluidas 60 (34,7%) mulheres; nos outros grupos, 19 (11,0%) apresentavam somente candidiase; 3 (1,7%), somente tricomoniase e 10 (5,8%), vaginite bacteriana; as demais apresentaram outras intercorrencias como HPV ou vaginose bacteriana, entretanto nao foi realizado o estudo destes casos ou da sua associação com os demais grupos. IL-2 e IL-12 mostraram-se significativamente elevadas na presenca de candidiase, quando comparadas ao grupo controle, com p = 0,01 e p = 0,07, respectivamente. As pacientes com vaginite bacteriana tambem apresentaram niveis expressivamente aumentados com p=0,03 para IL-2 e p=0,04 para IL-12. O TNF-ƒ¿ mostrou-se elevado na presença de tricomoniase, com p = 0,04. Os resultados encontrados permitem sugerir que pacientes com diferentes infecções vaginais apresentam alterações na concentração de algumas citocinas.