Anodizing is a well-documented surface treatment that is inserted in a complex protection system against corrosion applied to Al alloys. In the scientific literature, there are many works about this topic, which are concentrated on: (1) anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) growth mechanism; (2) anodized alloys corrosion behavior, or (3) the influence of anodizing parameters on the following steps of corrosion protection of the anodized layer. However, the effect of the microstructure on the AAO formation is not yet well established. This paper aims to review the effect of the microstructure of Al and its alloys on the anodizing process by a historical, statistical, and electrochemical approach, considering the advantages in understanding the influence of intermetallics in this process. Besides, this review brings a comparison among the number of publications and the types of alloys studied by statistical analyses. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of anodizing in the aeronautical industry, in which a great number of studied alloys are applied, mainly the 2XXX (Al-Cu) and 7XXX (AlZn) series alloys.Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado de S??o Paulo (FAPESP)FAPESP: 19/18388-1; 22/06935-0