The chronic hyperproliferative diseases (CHD) include cancer, precancerous lesions and diseases of unknown etiology such as psoriasis. Various drugs have been used in the treatment of CHD, such as antiproliferative and corticosteroids in general. However, some drugs have properties that limit their effectiveness, such as low solubility in water and low penetration of the skin. Thus, the control of drug release in the skin may improve efficacy and reduce side effects of many drugs used in hyperproliferative diseases. The purpose of this study was to make a systematic review of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems used against hyperproliferative skin diseases. © 2013 Bentham Science Publishers.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)