Article
Six RNA viruses and forty-one hosts: viral small RNAs and modulation of small RNA repertoires in vertebrate and invertebrate systems
Registro en:
PARAMESWARAN, Poornima; et al. Six RNA Viruses and Forty-One Hosts: Viral Small RNAs and Modulation of Small RNA Repertoires in Vertebrate and Invertebrate Systems. PLoS Pathog, v.6, n.2, e1000764., 21p, Feb. 2010.
1553-7366
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000764
1553-7374
Autor
Parameswaran, Poornima
Sklan, Ella
Wilkins, Courtney
Burgon, Trever
Samuel, Melanie A.
Lu, Rui
Ansel, K. Mark
Heissmeyer, Vigo
Einav, Shirit
Jackson, William
Doukas, Tammy
Paranjape, Suman
Polacek, Charlotta
Santos, Flávia Barreto dos
Jalili, Roxana
Babrzadeh, Farbod
Gharizadeh, Baback
Grimm, Dirk
Kay, Mark
Koike, Satoshi
Sarnow, Peter
Ronaghi, Mostafa
Ding, Shou-Wei
Harris, Eva
Chow, Marie
Diamond, Michael S.
Kirkegaard, Karla
Glenn, Jeffrey S.
Fire, Andrew Z.
Resumen
We have used multiplexed high-throughput sequencing to characterize changes in small RNA populations that occur during viral infection in animal cells. Small RNA-based mechanisms such as RNA interference (RNAi) have been shown in plant and invertebrate systems to play a key role in host responses to viral infection. Although homologs of the key RNAi effector pathways are present in mammalian cells, and can launch an RNAi-mediated degradation of experimentally targeted mRNAs, any role for such responses in mammalian host-virus interactions remains to be characterized. Six different viruses were examined in 41 experimentally susceptible and resistant host systems. We identified virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs) from all six viruses, with total abundance varying from "vanishingly rare" (less than 0.1% of cellular small RNA) to highly abundant (comparable to abundant micro-RNAs "miRNAs"). In addition to the appearance of vsRNAs during infection, we saw a number of specific changes in host miRNA profiles. For several infection models investigated in more detail, the RNAi and Interferon pathways modulated the abundance of vsRNAs. We also found evidence for populations of vsRNAs that exist as duplexed siRNAs with zero to three nucleotide 3' overhangs. Using populations of cells carrying a Hepatitis C replicon, we observed strand-selective loading of siRNAs onto Argonaute complexes. These experiments define vsRNAs as one possible component of the interplay between animal viruses and their hosts.