Data on platyhelminth parasites of humans deposited in Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, have been reported only recently. The present study addresses the checklist of nematode parasites of humans. There are several types of helminths deposited in CHIOC, including parasites of medical and veterinary importance. The samples are stored as wet material and/or as whole mounts. Asurvey of samples in the computerized database and its catalog cards was made. Atotal of 169 catalog cards with 176 samples with 15 species were analyzed. Listed records included the deposit number, date of collection, geographical distribution, site of infection and the developmental stage. The species with highest number of deposits was adults of Necator americanus(Stiles, 1902) mostly from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The first deposit was specimens of N. americanus adults CHIOC 3 without information of date of collection and deposit, from Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the last deposit was of an adult Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1909, CHIOC 33597, collected in 1997, deposited on 23 January 1998, from State of Pará, Brazil.