Article
Sporotrichosis: A Review of a Neglected Disease in the Last 50 Years in Brazil
Registro en:
ALVAREZ, Carmen Magaly et al. Sporotrichosis: A Review of a Neglected Disease in the Last 50 Years in Brazil. Microorganisms, v. 10, 2152, p. 1 - 17, Oct. 2022.
2076-2607
10.3390/ microorganisms10112152
Autor
Alvarez, Carmen Magaly
Oliveira, Manoel Marques Evangelista
Pires, Regina Helena
Resumen
Sporotrichosis is caused by fungi belonging to the genus Sporothrix, which saprophytically
are found in plants and organic matter. However, cats are highly susceptible to contamination with
fungal spores and, when they become sick, they can transmit it to other animals and to man. The objective
of this study is to carry out a systematic review on the emergency, diagnosis, clinical symptoms,
therapeutics, and control of zoonotic sporotrichosis. Published data covering the last 50 years using a
combination of keywords were selected to answer the question: Why has the zoonotic sporotrichosis
been a neglected disease up to now? A total of 135 studies were included in this review. The studies
emphasize that in recent decades, Brazil has experienced an unprecedented zoonotic outbreak of
sporotrichosis. Advances on the genus Sporothrix allowed one to associate thermotolerance, capacity
for melanin synthesis, potential for adhesion to tissue macromolecules, ergosterol peroxide production,
and expression of virulence proteins as tools for infection and invasion in S. brasiliensis, the main
species involved, although cases with S. schenckii or S. lurei were also reported. Correct diagnosis,
early treatment, basic educational measures that emphasize responsible ownership of animals and
reproductive control programs for felines can contribute to the control of zoonosis.