Abstract: Democratic Party of Azerbaijan's movement is one of the most important events in the history of Iran and the world. It was for the first time in the history of Iran that a political party seriously stressed the issue of autonomy. In addition, this movement as liberation movement prioritized several decisive and fundamental reform. Most important of all, Iran's complaints of the Soviet Union in the Security Council and the confrontation of superpowers led to the Cold War. This study attempts to analyze this issue using several Persian, English, Russian and Turkish resources. The present paper concludes that the emergence of the Democratic Party movement was the result of internal and external in addition, objective and subjective factors.