Objective: To compare with pristine sites bone resorption and soft tissue adaptation at implants placed immediately into extraction sockets (IPIES) in conjunction with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particles and a collagen membrane.Material and methods: The mesial root of the third premolar in the left side of the mandible was endodontically treated (Test). Flaps were elevated, the tooth hemi-sectioned, and the distal root removed to allow the immediate installation of an implant into the extraction socket in a lingual position. DBBM particles were placed into the defect and on the outer contour of the buccal bony ridge, concomitantly with the placement of a collagen membrane. A non-submerged healing was allowed. The premolar on the right side of the mandible was left in situ (control). Ground sections from the center of the implant as well as from the center of the distal root of the third premolar of the opposite side of the mandible were obtained. The histological image from the implant site was superimposed to that of the contralateral pristine distal alveolus, and dimensional variation evaluated for the hard tissue and the alveolar ridge.Results: After 3 months of healing, both histological and photographic evaluation revealed a reduction of hard and soft tissue dimensions.Conclusion: The contour augmentation performed with DBBM particles and a collagen membrane at the buccal aspects of implants placed IPIES was not able to maintain the tissue volume.ARDEC, Ariminum Odontologica SRL, Rimini, ItalyUniv Med Sci, Fac Dent, Havana, CubaUniv Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dent Hosp, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaAriminum Odontol, ARDEC, Rimini, ItalyUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Odontol Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Fac Odontol Aracatuba, Sao Paulo, Brazil