Artigo
A ring system detected around the Centaur (10199) Chariklo
Registro en:
Nature. London: Nature Publishing Group, v. 508, n. 7494, p. 72-+, 2014.
0028-0836
10.1038/nature13155
WOS:000333609900044
Autor
Braga-Ribas, F.
Sicardy, B.
Ortiz, J. L.
Snodgrass, C.
Roques, F.
Vieira-Martins, R.
Camargo, J. I. B.
Assafin, M.
Duffard, R.
Jehin, E.
Pollock, J.
Leiva, R.
Emilio, M.
Machado, D. I.
Colazo, C.
Lellouch, E.
Skottfelt, J.
Gillon, M.
Ligier, N.
Maquet, L.
Benedetti-Rossi, G.
Gomes, A. Ramos
Kervella, P.
Monteiro, H.
Sfair, R. [UNESP]
El Moutamid, M.
Tancredi, G.
Spagnotto, J.
Maury, A.
Morales, N.
Gil-Hutton, R.
Roland, S.
Ceretta, A.
Gu, S. -H.
Wang, X. -B.
Harpsoe, K.
Rabus, M.
Manfroid, J.
Opitom, C.
Vanzi, L.
Mehret, L.
Lorenzini, L.
Schneiter, E. M.
Melia, R.
Lecacheux, J.
Colas, F.
Vachier, F.
Widemann, T.
Almenares, L.
Sandness, R. G.
Char, F.
Perez, V.
Lemos, P.
Martinez, N.
Jorgensen, U. G.
Dominik, M.
Roig, F.
Reichart, D. E.
LaCluyze, A. P.
Haislip, J. B.
Ivarsen, K. M.
Moore, J. P.
Frank, N. R.
Lambas, D. G.
Resumen
Hitherto, rings have been found exclusively around the four giant planets in the Solar System(1). Rings are natural laboratories in which to study dynamical processes analogous to those that take place during the formation of planetary systems and galaxies. Their presence also tells us about the origin and evolution of the body they encircle. Here we report observations of a multichord stellar occultation that revealed the presence of a ring system around (10199) Chariklo, which is a Centaur-that is, one of a class of small objects orbiting primarily between Jupiter and Neptune-with an equivalent radius of 124 +/- 9 kilometres (ref. 2). There are two dense rings, with respective widths of about 7 and 3 kilometres, optical depths of 0.4 and 0.06, and orbital radii of 391 and 405 kilometres. The present orientation of the ring is consistent with an edge-on geometry in 2008, which provides a simple explanation for the dimming(3) of the Chariklo system between 1997 and 2008, and for the gradual disappearance of ice and other absorption features in its spectrum over the same period(4,5). This implies that the rings are partly composed of water ice. They may be the remnants of a debris disk, possibly confined by embedded, kilometre-sized satellites. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Danish Natural Science Research Council (FNU) Centre for Star and Planet Formation (StarPlan) French grant 'Beyond Neptune II' Spanish AYA grants FEDER funds National Natural Science Foundation of China Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS) Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) Belgian FNRS European Union FONDECYT National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Science Foundation (NSF) NASA NSF CONICYT MCTI, Observatorio Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8109, LESIA,Observatoire Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Observatorio Valongo, BR-20080090 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil CNRS, IMCCE, UPMC, Observatoire Paris, F-75014 Paris, France Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium Appalachian State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Boone, NC 28608 USA Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile Univ Estadual Ponta Grossa, DEGEO, BR-84030900 Ponta Grossa, Brazil FPTI BR, Polo Astronom Casimiro Montenegro Filho, BR-85867900 Foz Do Iguacu, Brazil Univ Estadual Oeste Parana, BR-8580650 Foz Do Iguacu, Brazil Ministerio Educ Provincia Cordoba, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina Univ Nacl Cordoba, Astron Observ, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark Geol Museum, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark Inst Fis & Quim, BR-37500903 Itajuba, MG, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil DICYT, MEC, Observatorio Astronom Molinos, Montevideo 12400, Uruguay Univ Republica, Fac Ciencias, Dept Astron, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay Observatorio El Catalejo, RA-6300 La Pampa, Argentina San Pedro Atacama Celestial Explorat, San Pedro De Atacama 1410000, Chile CASLEO, San Juan, Argentina San Juan Natl Univ, San Juan, Argentina Consejo Formac Educ, Observatorio IPA, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observat, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Elect Engn, Santiago 7820436, Chile Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Astroengn, Santiago 7820436, Chile Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, IATE, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina Univ Antofagasta, Fac Ciencias Basicas, Unidad Astron, Antofagasta, Chile Univ St Andrews, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, BR-12516410 Guaratingueta, SP, Brazil CNPq: 150541/2013-9 National Natural Science Foundation of China10873031 National Natural Science Foundation of China11073051 CNPq: 302657/2010-0 CNPq: 482080/2009-4 478318/2007-3 CNPq: 304124/2007-9 European Union268421 FONDECYT3120097 NSF0959447 NSF1009052 NSF1211782 CONICYTAnillo ACT-86