Tese
Mídia e segurança pública no Brasil: o Jornal Nacional e a securitização da intervenção federal no Rio de Janeiro (2018)
Fecha
2023-03-13Autor
Schneider, Gabriela
Institución
Resumen
This doctoral dissertation has as its central theme the media and public security in Brazil. The
study is justified taking into account that the issue of securitization of public security generates
concern in society and also requires attention from news coverage. In order to study the
aforementioned articulation, the research problem asks: how does newsworthiness fit into the
process of securitization of public security in Brazil? It is argued that newsworthiness is part of
the securitization process of public security in Brazil in a more decisive way than predicted by
current securitization theories, which classify media actions predominantly as representatives
of the audience of this process. The insertion of the media in the purposes of public security
occurs from its commitment to the social values inherent in the securitization process and it
does so from an understanding that is its own. In the Brazilian case, we understand that the
media assumes the condition of securitizing agent of its own will and relatively autonomous in
the scope of public security of the national State. The general objective of the research is to
understand the phenomenon of media discursivity put into circulation with a view to affecting
the process of securitization of public security in Brazil. In this sense, the specific objectives
are: (i) evaluate the conception of media and audience in securitization theories; (ii) study the
phenomenon of newsworthiness in the circulation of meanings related to television news
coverage in public security; (iii) evaluate newsworthiness centered on the circulation of fear
narratives for the purposes of securitization theory; (iv) recover salient aspects of the
securitization of public security in Brazil, with emphasis on mentions (or not) of news coverage
of Law and Order (GLO) operations and others; and (v) analyze the characteristics of the
televisual discursivity and the effort to produce the own meaning of the Jornal Nacional of Rede
Globo de Televisão in the two weeks that preceded the signing of the decree and the actual
execution of the Federal Intervention in Rio de Janeiro 2018. The phd dissertation seeks to
advance in dialogues with phenomena that have been partially studied in the field of Law,
International Relations and Journalism, evaluating cases of application and test in Brazil. The
results of the empirical analysis of news coverage carried out by Jornal Nacional on Rede Globo
de Televisão were produced considering the methodological proposition for investigating
televisual texts, which is based on European discursive semiotics. The interpretation of the
analysis shows that there was a directing of the Jornal Nacional to the narratives of fear and the
exacerbation of the feeling of insecurity of the population in the fifteen days that preceded the
Federal Intervention in Rio de Janeiro. The policy of fear, when used in journalistic coverage,
in order of established newsworthiness, ignores the context of a given situation and ends up
inducing the need for urgent measures in favor of legitimizing coercive and militarized
government responses adopted to the detriment of others, a typical phenomenon of
securitization processes.