Análise da taxa de mortalidade infantil no município de Caçapava do Sul – RS

Abstract

Infant mortality is an important indicative not only of infant health, it also reflects the health status and the degree of social economic development of a certain population. The measurement of the infant deaths, in other words, of the deaths of children between zero and below one year old, is made by the infant mortality rate, that expresses the number of deaths of children with less of one year of age, for each a thousand been born alive, in a considered area and year. In this work, the behavior of infant mortality rate is described in Caçapava do Sul, in the period of 1997 to 2004. The data have been extracted from the birth statistics of SINASC and mortality statistics of SIM, published by the Nucleus of Information in health (NIS), of the Department of Health of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. To reach the proposed goal, the absolute frequencies of infant deaths in the different age group have been analysed; the proportion of neonatal deaths and postneonatal in relation to the total of infant deaths, during the considered year and period; the proportion of early and late neonatal deaths in relation to the total of deaths occurred in the first month of life; the infant mortality rates and its components and, finally, the main groups of causes of infant deaths. It came to a conclusion that, in the outstanding period in this work, the historical serie of the infant mortality rate in the city of Caçapava do Sul did not show a defined behavior, presenting varied ups and downs from one year to the other. The smaller rate registered was 10,66 deaths for each group of a thousand been born alive, in 2000, and the biggest of 23,72 deaths for a thousand born alive, in 2002. The neonatal component represented 59,04% of the total of infant deaths, with superiority of deaths happening in the first week of life (79,59%). Regarding to the main groups of cause of mortality, the affections originated in prenatal period were predominant, followed by the group of the inborn malformations, chromosomes deformities and anomalies. The range results indicate that the infant mortality rates in Caçapava, when compared with the State of Rio Grande do Sul, the industrialized countries and some of Latin America, points out in much upper values, giving indications that it is necessary to priorize aspects related to the health of the pregnant and just born babies, with intention to soften this indicator of health and to promote improvements in the conditions of health of the people from Caçapava do Sul.