Beyond the direct physiological functions associated with motherhood in mammals, previous studies have suggested the potential role of prolactin (Prl) in distinct brain processes such as neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and stress responses. However, the cognitive influence of Prl remains unclear, particularly regarding the mechanisms of acquisition, consolidation and retrieval of information in the brain. Using chronic implanted electrodes in freely moving female mice combined with behavioral tests, we investigated the rhythmic activity changes induced by Prl in a model of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Our results show that Prl improves the learning of a spatial memory task in the acquisition stage. The main variations at the circuitry level were in the theta frequency band (4−8 Hz and 8−12 Hz), marked by a faster change in oscillatory activity with no modifications to higher frequencies. These results show that Prl plays a significant role in the acquisition of information during learning of a spatial memory task, suggesting that an increase in Prl levels may induce changes in circuital network plasticity.Fil: Moreno Ruiz, Beatriz. INSTITUTO CAJAL ; CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS;Fil: Mellado, Susana. INSTITUTO CAJAL ; CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS;Fil: Zamora Moratalla, Alfonsa. INSTITUTO CAJAL ; CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS;Fil: Albarracin, Ana Lia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Martín, Eduardo D.. INSTITUTO CAJAL ; CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS;