Prevalencia y factores asociados a trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en edades obstétricas de riesgo. Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2019

Abstract

Introduction: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the main causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at risk ages, at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in 2019. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional analytical study was carried out. 249 medical records from “Intranet” system for hospitalization, selected by simple random sampling, were included. For data analysis, SPSS v.22 was used. The factor`s association was made with odds ratio with its confidence interval of 95%; the hypothesis was accepted with a value of p < 0.05 of the Chi square. Results: 17.7% patients presented hypertensive disorders at risk reproductive age, of which 12.4% had preeclampsia. The factors that showed a statistically significant relationship with hypertensive disorders were overweight-obesity (OR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.04-4.23, p: 0,03); chronic hypertension (OR: 20.4; 95% CI: 2.22-187.33; p > 0.001) and a history of hypertensive disorder in previous pregnancies (OR: 4.2; 95 % CI: 1.23 -14.82; P: 0.001). Conclusion: more than one eighth of patients with obstetric risk ages presented hypertensive disorders in pregnancy; preeclampsia was the most frequent. Overweight and obesity, history of hypertensive disorder prior to pregnancy and chronic hypertension were statistically significant factors.