Inducción de partenocarpia en Annona cherimola Mill mediante la aplicación de ácido giberélico en la granja El Romeral, Guachapala - Azuay

Abstract

Annona cherimola is among the ten fruits with the highest economic potential in Ecuador, but there are limitations due to its physiological and morphological characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of gibberellic acid for the production of parthenocarpic fruits in A. cherimola in the farm El Romeral. For this, 5 flowers were selected in female phenological state being the experimental unit and 6 treatments of GA3 (0, 90, 95, 100, 105 and 110 ppm) were applied with 5 repetitions in a random complete block design, each treatment was applied in 3 moments: female flower, 30 and 60 days after first application. The variables evaluated were: fruit weight, polar and equatorial diameters, number of seeds, pulp weight and seed weight. It was determined that the application of GA3 during three periods in cherimoya, reduces the number of seeds per fruit, the treatments of 90 and 105 ppm of GA3 being the most effective, representing 40% of parthenocarpy fruits collected at 150 days. In addition, the percentage of fruit set against the control improves at 60 days, the concentrations of 95 and 105 ppm of GA3 had 92% of fruit set while the control lost all fruits. Finally, the application of GA3 had a positive effect on the variables studied since the fruits of the control were completely dropped 60 days after flowering.