In the present study, a systematic analysis of the literature of the articles that present great relevance in relation to suicidal behavior from the neurocognitive approach is carried out. Within this section, the contributions of neuropsychology on suicide will be delimited and the functions and areas of the nervous system that are compromised, such as the prefrontal cortex and executive functions, will be studied. Within the bibliographic review, keywords were used such as: neuropsychology, suicide attempt, suicidal behavior and suicide, the selected articles were identified by reading the abstract and then reviewing the complete article. The present study gives way to investigate the neurocognitive approach, which is a relatively current model, provides information on the benefits of conducting a systematic review of the literature from psychology and obtains the theoretical support for the development of suicide intervention guides.. Keywords: Suicidal behavior, neurocognitive approach, neuropsychology.En el presente estudio se realiza un análisis sistemático de la literatura de los artículos que presentan gran relevancia en relación al comportamiento suicida desde el enfoque neurocognitivo. Dentro de este apartado se delimitará los aportes de la neuropsicología sobre el suicidio y se estudiarán las funciones y áreas del sistema nervioso que están comprometidas, tales como la corteza prefrontal y las funciones ejecutivas. Dentro de la revisión bibliográfica se utilizaron palabras claves como: neuropsicología, intento autolítico, conducta suicida y suicidio, los artículos seleccionados se identificaban por medio de la lectura del resumen para después revisar el articulo completo. El presente estudio da paso a investigar el enfoque neurocognitivo el cual es un modelo relativamente actual, brinda información sobre los beneficios de realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura desde la psicología y obtiene los sustentos teóricos para la elaboración de guías de intervención del suicidio. Palabras claves: Comportamiento suicida, enfoque neurocognitivo, neuropsicología. ABSTRACT In the present study, a systematic analysis of the literature of the articles that present great relevance in relation to suicidal behavior from the neurocognitive approach is carried out. Within this section, the contributions of neuropsychology on suicide will be delimited and the functions and areas of the nervous system that are compromised, such as the prefrontal cortex and executive functions, will be studied. Within the bibliographic review, keywords were used such as: neuropsychology, suicide attempt, suicidal behavior and suicide, the selected articles were identified by reading the abstract and then reviewing the complete article. The present study gives way to investigate the neurocognitive approach, which is a relatively current model, provides information on the benefits of conducting a systematic review of the literature from psychology and obtains the theoretical support for the development of suicide intervention guides.. Keywords: Suicidal behavior, neurocognitive approach, neuropsychology. Fecha de recepción: 09 de noviembre de 2020; Fecha de aceptación: 05 de enero de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 08 de enero de 2021.