Industrialization was an important process for the economic development of certain nations in Latin America. This paper analyzes the role of the state in the process of industrialization in a group of countries along two phases: the classical phase and the mature phase. The contribution of domestic demand, exports and import substitution in the economic growth of a group of Latin American countries is analyzed and it is concluded that domestic demand was the engine of economic growth in both the classical and the mature phase...La industrialización fue un proceso crucial para el desarrollo económico de ciertas naciones de América Latina. Este trabajo analiza el papel del estado en el proceso de industrialización de un grupo de países grandes y un grupo de países andinos a lo largo de dos fases: la fase clásica y la fase madura...