bachelorThesis
Paciente de sexo femenino de 5 años de edad con desnutrición aguda.
Autor
Flores Gavilánez, Estefanía Elizabeth
Institución
Resumen
The present clinical case is about a 5-year-old female patient who attended a medical consultation with the mother due to loss of appetite, decreased body weight, poor concentration, low mood and mild abdominal pain. The mother reports that the patient began to decrease her appetite 6 months ago, sometimes she had bread and coffee for breakfast and sometimes milk, and at lunch she only had chicken soup with rice and between meals, sweets, and a snack of rice with baked chicken. The nutritional evaluation is carried out with anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary methods where, according to the indicator weight for age: -2 standard deviations - LOW WEIGHT FOR AGE, the indicator for height for age: 0 standard deviations - NORMAL, the indicator BMI-for-age: -3 Standard deviations –SEVERAMNETE EMACIADO and weight-for-height indicator: -3 Standard deviations –LOW WEIGHT-FOR-HEIGHT (ACUTE MALNUTRITION). The nutritional intervention is carried out with the aim of improving the nutritional status of the patient, and a diet of 1500 kilocalories hyperprotein is established distributed in 5 meal times and nutritional food education, the control is carried out where weight gain is observed in 3 months considerably and their nutritional status is improving, in this way it is concluded that nutritional intervention, compliance with the dietary plan and food education favors weight gain and treat acute malnutrition. The present clinical case is about a 5-year-old female patient who attended a medical consultation with the mother due to loss of appetite, decreased body weight, poor concentration, low mood and mild abdominal pain. The mother reports that the patient began to decrease her appetite 6 months ago, sometimes she had bread and coffee for breakfast and sometimes milk, and at lunch she only had chicken soup with rice and between meals, sweets, and a snack of rice with baked chicken. The nutritional evaluation is carried out with anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary methods where, according to the indicator weight for age: -2 standard deviations - LOW WEIGHT FOR AGE, the indicator for height for age: 0 standard deviations - NORMAL, the indicator BMI-for-age: -3 Standard deviations –SEVERAMNETE EMACIADO and weight-for-height indicator: -3 Standard deviations –LOW WEIGHT-FOR-HEIGHT (ACUTE MALNUTRITION). The nutritional intervention is carried out with the aim of improving the nutritional status of the patient, and a diet of 1500 kilocalories hyperprotein is established distributed in 5 meal times and nutritional food education, the control is carried out where weight gain is observed in 3 months considerably and their nutritional status is improving, in this way it is concluded that nutritional intervention, compliance with the dietary plan and food education favors weight gain and treat acute malnutrition. El presente caso clínico se trata de un paciente de sexo femenino de 5 años de edad que acude a consulta médica con la madre por presentar, pérdida del apetito, disminución de peso corporal, poca concentración, estado de ánimo decaído y leve dolor abdominal, la madre refiere que la paciente hace 6 meses empezó a disminuir el apetito, a veces desayunaba pan con café y a veces leche y en el almuerzo solo toma sopa de pollo con arroz y entre comidas golosinas, y merienda arroz con pollo hornado. Se realiza la evaluación nutricional con métodos antropométricos, bioquímico, clínicos y dietéticos donde presenta según el indicador peso para la edad: -2 Desviaciones estándar – BAJO PESO PARA LA EDAD, el indicador estatura para la edad: 0 Desviaciones estándar – NORMAL, el indicador IMC para la edad: -3 Desviaciones estándar –SEVERAMENTE EMACIADO y el indicador peso para la estatura: -3 Desviaciones estándar –BAJO PESO PARA LA ESTATURA (DESNUTRICIÓN AGUDA). Se realiza la intervención nutricional con el objetivo de mejorar el estado nutricional de la paciente, y se establece una dieta de 1500 kilocalorías hiperproteica distribuida en 5 tiempos de comida y educación alimentaria nutricional, se realiza el control donde se observa ganancia de peso en 3 meses considerablemente y su estado nutricional está mejorando, de esta manera se concluye que la intervención nutricional, el cumplimiento del plan dietético y la educación alimentaria favorece la ganancia de peso y tratar la desnutrición aguda.