info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceProceedings
Geospatial Evaluation of Trace Elements Pollutants in Cd. Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
Autor
MARIA TERESA ALARCON HERRERA
ALFREDO GRANADOS OLIVAS
Resumen
The Asarco smelting plant is located at the border region between Mexico and United States within the Paso del Norte
Region, (Chihuahua, Texas and New Mexico). For more than 100 years this smelting plant was active in its productive
process of metal smelting, generating probable impacts to the environment and potential pollution of surrounding soils
and water. Discharge of heavy metals emitted to the atmosphere on the form of lead, cadmium and arsenic have been
reported in soils on the US side of the area of study by other workers, none of these potential pollutants have been
reported in Mexico The area of study of this research is situated in zones located within Mexican territory, on a radius of
7 km from ASARCO’s location. This paper evaluates a GIS procedure while applying methodological applications of
thematic digital cartography, using ARCGIS 9.2 for the geospatial analysis of the natural variables and wind speed and
wind direction evaluation at the study site. Special classification procedures where applied based on the characterization
of landscape units using geomorphologic considerations of variables such as: geology, vegetation, topography, surface
hydrology, and climatic regional factors. Results show a draft classification of soil types at the area of interest which
could have been contaminated by these emissions to the atmosphere. Furthermore, GIS procedures reflect the delimitation
of the area of influence by georeferencing the tower of emissions and mapping the geospatial extension of soil types and
future potential specific monitoring sites, reducing field work at the research area. FAO soil classification taxonomy
shows dominant soils types as, Regosol and Solonchak at the research area. Landscape Units with major risk to pollution
where located at specific geomorphologic features such as in riparian areas/fluvial systems, which are the main tributaries
to the international Rio Bravo/Rio Grande
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