"This thesis has been carried out with the purpose to implement the methodology for the preparation of preforms for scintillator plastic optical fibers (Chap. 1) and undoped Tb3+ and Ce3+ YAG doped nanocrystalline phosphor (Chap. 2) with the capability to detect ionizing and non ionizing radiation. These studies involve the characterization of the scintillation response under gamma radiation for the preforms and the TL (Chap. 3) and OSL (Chap. 5) characterization under UV, X, and B ray radiation for the nanophosphor. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this kind of crystalline structures both mono- and nano-crystals have been studied for dosimetry purpose both in TL and OSL phenomena. The dosimetric analysis (Chap. 4) show a good potential for dosimetry of UV, X and B ray radiation and the OSL results suggest the possibility to use these nanophosphor for image formation. According to the experimental results, it is observed a linear response of the TL signal in the range of 2 to 120 min of UV irradiation, from 1.9x10-8 to 1.024x10-6 Gy for X ray irradiation and from 25 to 600 Gy for B ray irradiation. The fading of these samples indicates a fast stabilisation and that the remnant TL signal (around 25%) is higher enough for dosimetry and image application."