"In this thesis we present the theory, simulation and experimental results obtained for an experimental setup, which allows us to obtain the experimental Mueller matrix of a transparent birefringent sample. The experimental setup proposed was inspired from a theoretical description given by Professor Töppel and his work group. An important advantage of this experimental setup with respect to other experimental setups described by different methods (the Ideal Polarimetric Arrangement method, IPA, for example) is that, this setup uses a single unconventional polarized beam (a radially polarized beam) to analyze the sample. By contrast, the IPA method uses at least four different polarized beams (conventional polarized, for example p-polarized, s-polarized, +45-polarized and right-handed polarized) to do that. In this sense, the main goal of this work is demonstrate that we can obtain useful information through determination of the Mueller matrix (associated to a transparent birefringent sample) by using classical entangled polarization modes (radially polarized beam). In order to do this, we are going to generate and analyze a radially polarized beam through a passive method by using a commercial device called Swaveplate. Then, we are going to use this beam in order to analyze a transparent sample (air, for example) and obtain its Mueller matrix associated, through the determination of the polarization modes."