This paper focuses on intensifying maize-based cropping systems in the Sierra de Santa Marta Region of Veracruz, Mexico. Following a description of the study area, the paper examines the historical forces that have shaped regional maize-based cropping systems, current maize production practices, and major productivity and sustainability constraints. Potential solutions to these constraints, some of which have been successfully tested in the area, are described and possible productivity and sustainability impacts are appraised in qualitative terms. The appraisal provides the basis for a quantitative analysis of the farm-level costs and benefits associated with the adoption of the alternative practices. A farmer-based approach to extension is described and implementation costs are estimated.vi, 55 pages