Tesis
Diseño de un dispositivo semiautomático adaptado a una silla de ruedas para ascenso y descenso de escaleras.
Fecha
2017-05-03Registro en:
García Barrios, Jesús Gabriel, Osornio Kennedy, Víctor Javier. Diseño de un dispositivo semiautomático adaptado a una silla de ruedas para ascenso y descenso de escaleras. Tesis (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Control y Automatización). Ciudad de México, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Unidad Zacatenco. 2016. 164 p.
Autor
García Barrios, Jesús Gabriel
Osornio Kennedy, Víctor Javier
Institución
Resumen
Abstract. The number of people in wheelchairs constantly is changing due to multiple variables such as: accidents, healthy problems (age or birth), etc. Also, much of this group of individuals needs to move from one place to another to do their daily activities allowing them to continue with their personal and professional development. In Mexico, there is little infrastructure for the free movement of people with this disability and if available is not adequate, since they also exhibit irregularities in the construction that complicate the movement of people in wheelchairs.
This paper have as objetive designing a semiautomatic mechanism adapted to a conventional wheelchair, for scrolling, up and down stairs, in this way the user can do these activities autonomously; that is without help when ascending or descending stairs at home, supermarkets, cinemas, etc.
In chapter 1 referred of all the concepts necessary for the understanding of the problem such as types and main parts of the wheelchair, so the operation must be understood. Also, it explains everything related to the stairs, that is types of configurations and dimensions recommended in stairs. Finally, it is drawn up on the electromechanical elements involved in the design, with the use of sensors, actuators and control algorithms.
In chapter 2 it is mentioned about the problematic with figures obtained from the INEGI which indicate that the number of people in wheelchairs is 5, 743.555 and talk about the main problems facing people in these conditions to move in the city.
In chapter 3 the design of the wheelchair is done (the structure and electromechanical elements) according to ISO Standard 7076-7176, without making a study of materials. To reinforce the overall proposal and in turn facilitate the selection of the components that conform the system, a mechanical analysis of both engine power and another study on the stability of the chair up stairs.
In chapter 4 the overall operation of the wheelchair is explained, and for more disaggregated separately for each of the stages having, this by flowcharts and connection schemes of electromechanical components, for these elements, according to the results obtained in Chapter 3; the selection criteria for the design according to the different options available in the market are taken into account. Analyzing the main features to consider, also the advantages and disadvantages for later present the choice that fulfills the objective of presenting this device characteristics in more detail. Performing simulation using graphs stability of the wheelchair in accordance with the formulas referred to in Chapter 3.
In Chapter 5 the economic study was done for the production of this wheelchair, which considered factors such as total cost of the components used (wheelchair and electromechanical), labor and hours needed, so, for the first system is considered the cost of design, finally mention of an estimated production of 25 units, it intends a lot of this magnitude assuming to be placed on the market within a reasonable time, indicating the total cost of production and how reliable is the mass production compared per unit.