masterThesis
Herramienta para la optimización de flujos de un crudo pesado por el Oleoducto Bicentenario de Colombia bajo pronósticos de producción, precios de la canasta de referencia y la tasa de cambio
Fecha
2012-08-14Registro en:
Abivin, P., Henaut, I., Chaudemanche, C., Argillier, J. F., Chinesta, F., & Moan, M. (2009). Dispersed Systems in Heavy Crude Oils. Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 64 No. 5. , 557-570.
Adhitya, A., Srinivasan, R., & Karimi, I. A. (2007). A model-based rescheduling framework for managing abnormal supply chain events. Computers and Chemical Engineering 31 , 496–518.
Alquist, R., Kilian, L., & Vigfusson, R. J. (2010). Handbook of economic forecasting. Michigan, EUA: Grahamm Elliot and Allan Timmermann.
Amin-Nazeri, M. R., & Gacharech, E. A. (2009). A hybrid artificial intelligence approach to monthly forecasting of crude oil price time series. Tarbiat Modares University .
Andrea Bravo Puerta/ Ecopetrol. (Abril - Junio 2010). En las arterias de la iguana. Carta petrolera No. 122 .
ARGONNE. (2008). Water issues associated with heavy oil production. Chicago: Uargonne.
Arney, M. S., Ribeiro, G. S., Guevara, E., Bai, R., & Joseph, D. D. (1996). Cemented-lined pipes for water lubricated transport of heavy oil. Multiphase Flow Vol. 22, No. 2 , 207-221.
Ashish, J. (2008). Case Study HMR-BB Pipeline Automation for IOCL. L&T Automation News .
Ashrafizadeh, S. N., & Kamran, M. (2010). Emulsification of heavy crude oil in water for pipeline transportation. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 71 , 205-211.
Aue, H. R., Paeper, S. R., Brown, B. R., Humphreys, M. K., & Sutherland, J. D. (2007). High-Quality Geometry Module Data for Pipeline Strain Analyses. Pigging Products and Services Association .
B., A.-O., Lababidi, H. M., Alatiqi, I. M., & Al-Shayji, K. (2008). Supply chain optimization of petroleum organization under uncertainty in market demands and prices. European Journal of Operational Research 189 , 822–840.
Babadagli, T. (2003). Evaluation of EOR methods for heavy-oil recovery in naturally fractured reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 37 , 25-37.
Babwah, J. A., Dawe, R., & Mellowes, W. (2006). Foamy Oil Production in Trinidad. West Indian Journal of Engineering , 1-12.
Bajus, M. (2003). Hydrocarbo tehnologies. Petroleum and Coal, Vol. 45 , 10-18.
Ballesio, J. A., Patel, H. A., Revenga, A. A., & Rynn, P. P. (2009). Risk Assessment and Technology Qualification Process for Offshore LNG Pipelines. Offshore Technology Conference OTC 20301 , Presentation at the 2009 Technology Conference held in Houston, Texas, USA, 4-7 May 2009.
Bannwart, A. C. (2001). Modeling aspects of oil–water core–annular flows. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 32 , 127-143.
Baumeister, C., & Kilian, L. (s.f.). Real-Time Forecasts of the Real Price of Oil (Paper in work). 2010 .
Bauquis, P. R. (2001). A Reappraisal of Energy Supply and Demand in 2050. Oil & Gas Science and Technology Vol. 56 No. 4 , 389-402
Baviere, M., Glenat, P., Plazanet, V., & Labrid, J. (1994). Improvement of the efficiency/cost ratio of chemical eor processes by using surfactants, polymers, and alkalis in combination. SPE/DOE Ninth Symp. on Imp. Oil Rec., Tulsa, OK, April 17– 20 (pág. SPE Paper 27821.). Tulsa, OK: SPE/DOE.
Bensakhria, A.; Peysson, Y.; Antonini, G.;. (2004). Experimental Study of the Pipeline Lubrication for Heavy Oil Transport. Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 No. 5 , 523-533.
Besson, C. (2005). Resources to reserves: oil & gas technologies for the energy markets of the future. Paris, Francia: OECD Publishing.
Bossworth, S., Saad, H. A.-s., Gamal, I., Hervé, O., Stracke, M., West, C., y otros. (1998). Key Issues in multilateral technology. Oilfield Review , 14-28.
Brothers, L. (2008). Global Oil Choke Points. Energy and Power Integrated Oil .
Brownman, C. (2010). Hazardous Liquids Pipelines – Regulation and Due Diligence. American Bar Association
Bryan, J., & Kantza, A. (2007). Enhanced Heavy-Oil Recovery by Alkali-Surfactant Flooding. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibit. Anaheim, California, U.S.A.: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Burger, J., Sourieau, P., & Combarnous, M. (1985). Thermal Methods of Oil Recovery. Paris: Technip.
Bybee, K. (2010). A Systematic Workflow Process for Heavy-Oil Characterization. Technology Focus .
Bybee, K. (2010). Alaskan Heavy Oil: First CHOPS at an Untapped Arctic Resource. Technology Focus .
Carvajal-Osorio, H. (1992). An advanced nuclear power plant for heavy oil exploitation in the Venezuelan Orinoco Oil Belt . Nuclear Engineering and Design, Volume 136, Issues 1-2 , 219-227.
Castellanos Días, O., Modaresghazani, J., Satyro, M. A., & Yarranton, H. W.
(2010). Modeling the Phase Behavior of Heavy Oil and Solvent Mixtures. Fluid
phase equilibria , Revised Manuscript.
Castellanos Díaz, O., Moderesghazani, J., Satyro, M. A., & Yarranton, H. W.
(2010). Modeling the Phase Behavior of Heavy Oil and Solvent Mixtures. Fluid
Phase Equilibria , Revised Manuscript.
Chen, Q., Wang, M., Pan, N., & Guo, Z.-Y. (2009). Optimization Principle for
Variable Viscosity Fluid Flow and Its Application to Heavy Oil Flow Drag Reduction.
Energy Fuels 23 , 4470–4478.
Chevillon, G., & Rifflart, C. (2009). Physical market determinants of the price of
crude oil and the market premium. Energy Economics 31 , 537–549.
Chilingar, G. V., & Yen, T. F. (1978). Bitumens, asphalts, and tar sands. Nueva
York: Elsevier
Choi1, Y. S., Park, H. D., & Sunwoo, C. (XXXX). Multi-Criteria Evaluation and
Least Cost Path Analysis for Optimal Haulage Routing in Open-Pit Mines. XXXX:
XXXX.
Cong, R.-G., Wei, Y.-M., Jiao, J.-L., & Fan, Y. (2008). Relationships between oil
price shocks and stock market: An empirical analysis from China. Energy Policy 36
, 3544– 3553.
Cuginia, A. V., Rothenberger, K. S., Krastmana, D., Cioccob, M. V., Thompson, R.
L., & Gardner, T. J. (1998). The use of coal liquefaction catalysts for coal/oil
coprocessing and heavy oil upgrading. Catalysis Today 43 , 291-303.
Curtis, C., Decoster, E., Guzman Garcia, A., Huggins, C., Minner, M., Kupsch, N.,
y otros. (2002). Heavy Oil Reservoirs. Oilfield Review , 1-50.
Curtis, C., Decoster, E., Guzman, A., Huggins, C., Knauer, L., Minner, M., y otros.
(2002). Heavy Oil Reservoirs. Oilfield Review Autumm , 1-15.
Daniel, J. (2001). Hedging government oil price risk. New York: International
Monetary Fund
Dargay, J., & Gately, D. (1995). The imperfect price reversibility of non-transport oil
demand in the OECD. Energy Economics Vol. 17. No. 1. , 59-71.
Doorhy, J. (2011). Real-Time Pipeline Leak Detection And Location Using Volume
Balancing. Pipeline Gas J 238 no2 , 65-66.
Eder, G., Gampfer, B., Hofmann, T., Petersen, A.-K., & Schneider, R. (2011).
Economic forecast 2011/2012. ECONOMIC RESEARCH & CORPORATE
DEVELOPMENT.
Emadi, A., Sohrabi, M., Amiolahmady, M., Ireland, S., & Robertson, G. (2010).
Reducing heavy oil carbon foot print and enhancing production through CO2
injection. Chemical Engineering Research and Design
Escudero, L., Quintana, F., & & Salmerón, J. (1999). CORO, a modeling and an
algorithmic framework for oil supply, transformation and distribution optimization
under uncertainty. European Journal of Operational Research 114 , 638-656.
Fernandez, V. (1997). Forecasting commodity prices by classification methods:
The cases of crude oil and natural gas spot prices. Santiago, Chile: Pontificia
Universidad Catolica de Chile.
Filis, G., Degiannakis, S., & Floros, C. (2011). Dynamic correlation between stock
market and oil prices: The case of oil-importing and oil-exporting countries.
International Review of Financial Analysis 20 , 152–164.
Freek van Dijk and Keat Choon Goh, S. G. (2008). Closing the Loop for Improved
Oil and Gas Production Management. SPE International , Intelligent Energy
Conference and Exhibition held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 25-27 February
2008.
Galarraga, F., Márquez, G., & Permanyer, A. (2010). Effects of Steam Soak on the
Two Eocene Heavy Crude Oils from the Urdaneta District (Venezuela). Petroleum
Science and Technology, 28 , 294–307.
Gateau, P., Hénaut, I., Barré, L., & Argillier, J. F. (2004). Heavy oil diilution. Oil &
Gas Science and Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 No. 5 , 503-509.
Ghaffari, A., & Zare, S. (2009). A novel algorithm for prediction of crude oil price
variation based on soft computing. Energy Economics 31 , 531–536.
Greaves, M., Xia, T. X., Rathbone, R. R., & Bentaher, A. H. (2006). Experimental
Study of a Novel In Situ Gasification Technique for Improved Oil Recovery From
Light Oil Reservoirs. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology .
Hamilton, J. D. (2008). Understanding Crude Oil Prices. Cambridge MA: National
Bureau of Economic research.
Hauge, E. N., Morten Aamo, O. N., & Morten Godhavn, J. S. (2009). Model-Based
Monitoring and Leak Detection in Oil and Gas Pipeline. SPE Projects, Facilities &
Construction , 53-60
Heins, B., Xiao, X., & Deng-chao, Y. (2008). New technology for heavy oil
exploitation wastewater reused as boiler feedwater. Petroleum exploration and
development Volume 35, Issue 1 , 113-117.
Hongfu, F., Yongjian, L., Liying, Z., & Xiaofei, Z. (2002). The study on composition
changes of heavy oils during steam stimulation processes. Fuel 81 , 1733-1738.
Hull, B. (2002). A structure for supply-chain information flow and its application to
the alaskan crude oil supply chain. Losgistics information management 15 , 8-23.
Interbolsa/ Pacific Rubiales Energy. (9 de Septiembre de 2010). Cuello de botella
en infraestructura de transporte. Interbolsa
Jeters, D.-J. (2008). Energy use and CO2 emissions of bitumen and oil shale
based liquid fuel production – explorations in TIMER. Utrecht, Holanda: Utrecht
University
Ji, G. D., Sun, T. H., & Ni, J. R. (2007). Surface flow constructed wetland for heavy
oil-produced. Bioresource Technology 98 , 436–441.
Jorge Sáenz V/ El Espectador. (15 de Octubre de 2010). Colombia pasó de
presunto boom petrolero a ser sólo un 'país minero'. El Espectador , pág. Sección
Economía.
Joseph, D. D., Bai, R., Mata, C., Sury, K., & Grant, C. (1999). Self-lubricated
transport of bitumen froth. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 386 , 127-148.
Juan Guillermo Londoño/ Portafolio. (2 de Julio de 2009). Petróleo abunda en
Colombia pero no hay infraestructura para almacenarlo. Portafolio , pág. Sección
Economía.
Jukes, P., Wang, J., Duron, B., & Kenny, I. J. (2008). Solving Pipeline Technology
Challenges in the GoM by Innovation, Advanced Analysis Tools, and Engineering
Competency. Offshore Technology Conference OTC 19504 , This paper was prepared for presentation at the 2008 Offshore Technology Conference held in
Houston, Texas, U.S.A., 5–8 May 2008.
Kaufmann, R. K., & Ullman, B. (2009). Oil prices, speculation, and fundamentals:
Interpreting causal relations among spot and futures prices. Energy Economics 31
, 550–558.
Kazinform, Review, W. P., Pravda, Novosti, R., (AFP), A. F.-P., United States
Department of Energy (USDOE), E. I., y otros. (2007). Eurasia: the hot heartland of
the world. LMD - Le Monde Diplomatique .
Khavari-Khorasani, G., Michelsen, J. K., & Dolson, J. C. (1998). The factors
controlling the abundance and migration of heavy vs. light oils, as constrained by
data from the Gulf of Suez. Part II. The significance of reservoir mass transport
processes. Organic geochemistry vol. 29 , 283-300
Kjarstad, J., & Johnsson, F. (2009). Resources and future supply of oil. Energy
Policy 37 , 441–464.
Kok, M. V., & Acar, C. (Feasibility Study of Heavy Oil Field). Feasibility Study of
Heavy Oil Field. Energy Sources, Part A, 30 , 189–199.
Kokal, S., & Al-Kaabi, A. (2010). Enhanced oil Recovery: Challenges and
Opportunities. World Petroleum Cuncil. Official Publication , 64-69
Korenbaum, V. I., & Tagiltsev, A. A. (2010). Effect of Ultrasonic Oscillations on the
Fluidity of Heavy Oil Products at Low Temperatures. Acoustical Physics, Vol. 56,
No. 5 , 734-738.
Kuo, T.-H., & Chang, C.-T. (2008). Optimal planning strategy for the supply chains
of light aromatic compounds in petrochemical industries. Computers and Chemical
Engineering 32 , 1147–1166.
Laftah, Z., Abdul Aziz, T. Z., & Bogle, I. (2007). Identifying Added Value in
Integrated Oil Supply Chain Companies – a Case Study. 17th European
Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (págs. 769-774). Bucarest,
Rumania: Elsevier.
Laftah, Z., Abdul Aziz, T. Z., & Bogle, I. (2007). Identifying Added Value in
Integrated Oil Supply Identifying Added Value in Integrated Oil Supply. 17th
European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (págs. 769-774).
Bucharest, Romania: Elsevier.
Langevin, D., Poteau, S., Hénaut, I., & Argi, J. F. (2004). Crude Oil Emulsion
Properties and their Application to Heavy Oil Transportation. Oil & Gas Science
and Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 No. 5 , 511-521.
Laumer, J. (2006). Alberta Tar Sands: A North American Overview. SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY (alternative energy) .
Lebel, J. P., & Moriyama, R. T. (1997). History Match of a Mature Cyclic Steam
Stimulation Process at Cold Lake. Heavy oil Simposium (págs. 307-321).
Bakersfield, California: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Liu, X., Zhao, G., & Jin, Y. C. (2006). Coupled reservoir/wormholes model for cold
heavy oil production wells. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 50 ,
258– 268.
Luo, P., Yang, C., & Gu, Y. (2007). Enhanced solvent dissolution into in-situ
upgraded heavy oil under different pressures. Fluid Phase Equilibria 252 , 143–
151.
M. Beller, N. S. (2007). Pipeline Inspection Utilizing Ultrasound Technology: On the
Issue of Resolution. Pigging Products and Services Association .
Mailybaev, A. A., Bruining, J., & Marchesin, D. (2011). Analysis of in situ
combustion of oil with pyrolysis and vaporization. Combustion and Flame 158 ,
1097-1108.
Masih, Rumi, Peters, S., & De Mello, L. (2011). Oil price volatility and stock price
fluctuations in an emerging market: Evidence from South Korea. Energy
Economics xxx , xxx–xxx.
Matthews, C. (2010). Heavy Oil. Technology Focus March , 1-20.
Miki, Y., Yamadaya, S., Oba, M., & Sugimoto, Y. (1983). Role of Catalyst in
Hydrocracking of Heavy Oil. Journal of Catalysis 83 , 371-383.
Moore, R. G., Laureshen, C. J., Belgrave, J. D., Ursenbach, M. G., & Mehta, S. A.
(1995). In situ combustion in Canadian heavy oil reservoirs. Fuel 74 , 1169-1175.
Mostafa, S. (2007). Challenges of Heavy Oil Production. OAPEC – IFP SEMINAR
Improved Oil Recovery ( IOR ) Techniques and their Role in Boosting the Recovery
Factor, (págs. 1-10). Rueil, Malmaison, France.
Neiro, J., & Pinto, J. (2004). A general modeling framework for the operational.
Computers and Chemical Engineering 28 , 871-896.
Neiro, S., & Pinto, J. M. (2004). A general modeling framework for the operational
planning of petroleum supply chains. Computers and Chemical Engineering 28 ,
871-896
Neiro, S., & Pinto, J. M. (2003). Supply chain optimization of petroleum refinery
complexes. Foundations of computer aided process operations (págs. 1-14). Coral
Springs: FOCAPO2003.
Nicolás Abrew/ La República. (14 de Enero de 2011). El país deja de producir
80.000 barriles al día por falta de oleoductos . La República
Noik, C., Malot, H., Dalmazzone, C., & Mouret, A. (2004). Encapsulation of Crude
Oil Emulsions. Oil & Gas Science and Technology Rev. IFP, Vol. 59, No. 5 , 535-
546.
Olsen, D. K., & Ramzel, E. B. (1992). Heavy oil refining and transportation: effect
on the feasibility of increasing domestic. IlT Research Institute, National Institute
for Petroleum and Energy Research .
Olsen, J. N.-R. (2011). Advances In Wireless Monitoring Increase Intelligence Of
Assets. Pipeline and Gas Journal 238 no2 , 52-53.
P K Scott, B. H. (2007). Cathodic Protection Monitoring Via In-line Inspection.
Pigging Products and Services Association .
Palmer-Jones, R. P., Turner, S. P., & Dr Hopkins, P. P. (2009). A new approach to
risk-based pipeline integrity managemenet. The Journal of Pipeline Engineering ,
229-240
Pang, Z. X., Liu, H. Q., & Liu, X. L. (2010). Characteristics of Formation Damage
and Variations of Reservoir Properties during Steam Injection in Heavy Oil
Reservoir. Petroleum Science and Technology, 28 , 477–493
Papageorgiou, L. G. (2009). Supply chain optimisation for the process industries:
Advances and opportunities. Computers and Chemical Engineering 33 , 1931–
1938
Patrick, A. J. (2005). ILI Tool Validation - Feature Assessment and Mapping.
Pigging Products and Services Association .
Peachey, B. (2005). Conventional Heavy Oil R&D Needs Including GHG Intensity
Reduction. Calgary, Alberta, Canadá.: Petroleum Technology Alliance Canada.
Pfefferle, W. C. (2007). Patente nº US2007/0187094 A1. Madison, CT, US.
Phlint, L. (2005). Bitumen recovery technology. Alberta, Canadá: LENEF
CONSULTING.
Pierre, C., Barré, L., Pina, A., & Moan, M. (2004). Composition and Heavy Oil
Rheology. Oil & Gas Science and Technology Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 No. 5 , 489-501
Pirog, R. (2005). World Oil Demand and its Effect on Oil Prices CRS Report for
Congress. Washington, USA: Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of
Congress".
Pitty, S. S., Li, W., Adhitya, A., Srinivasan, R., & Karimi, I. A. (2008). Decision
support for integrated refinery supply chains Part 1. Dynamic simulation .
Computers and Chemical Engineering 32 , 2767–2786.
Pitty, S. S., Li, W., Adhitya, A., Srinivasan, R., & Karimi, I. (2008). Decision support
for integrated refinery supply chains. . Computers and Chemical Engineering 32 ,
2767-2786.
Platts. (Sep, 2010). Oilgram Price Report. Platts - The Mc Graw Hill Companies .
Priddy, K. L., & Keller, P. E. (2005). Artificial neural networks: an introduction;.
Bellinghan, Washington.: SPIE Press.
Qiansheng, Y., Shujie, L., & Xingjin, X. (2010). Drilling fluid technology for
horizontal wells to protect the formations in unconsolidated sandstone heavy oil
reservoirs. Petroleum exploration and development Volume 37, Issue 2 .
Rana, M. S., Samanob, V., Ancheyta, J., & Díaz, J. A. (2007). A review of recent
advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua. Fuel 86
, 1216–1231.
Rangel-Germana, E. R., Schembrea, J., Sandbergb, C., & Kovsceka, A. R. (2004).
Electrical-heating-assisted recovery for heavy oil. Journal of Petroleum Science
and Engineering 45 , 213– 231.
Reed, S., Steptoe, & Johnson, L. (2009). History of Oil Pipeline Regulation. AOPL -
Association of Oil Pipe Lines. San Diego, CA: 2009 Annual Business Conference.
Rejowski, R., & Pinto, J. (2008). A novel continuous time representation for the
scheduling of pipeline systems with pumping yield rate constraints. Computers and
Chemical Engineering 32 ( , 1042–1066.
Relvas, S., Matosa, H. A., Barbosa-Póvoab, A. P., & Fialho, J. (2008). Oil products
pipeline scheduling with tank farm inventory management. 18th European
Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (págs. 277-282). Lyon,
France: Elsevier.
Reuters/ El Espectador. (3 de Mayo de 2010). Colombia certifica 3.100 millones de
barriles de reservas de crudo. El Espectador
Ricardo Santamaría Daza/ Portafolio. (6 de Septiembre de 2010). Apenas somos
un país con petróleo: Minminas. Portafolio , pág. Sección Economía.
Rieder, M. I. (2008). Upgrading old pipeline systems to the state-of-the-art. The
Journal of Pipeline Engineering , 140 - 145 (Evaluation and Rehabilitation of
Pipelines Conference held in Prague in October,2008. Organized by Clarion
Technical Conferences and Scientific Surveys Ltd.).
Rodenburg, L. (2005). Alternative Energy Sources in Alberta’s Oil Sands: The
Viability of Nuclear Energy. University of Alberta .
Sanier, A., Hénaut, I., & Argillier, J. (2004). Pipeline Transportation of Heavy Oils, a
Strategic, Economic and Technological Challenge. Oil & Gas Science and
Technology - Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 , 455 - 466.
Saniere, A., Hénaut, I., & Argillier, J. F. (2004). Pipeline Transportation of Heavy
Oils, a Strategic, Economic and Technological Challenge. Oil & Gas Science and
Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 , 455-466.
Sato, T., Adschiria, T., Araia, K., Rempelb, G. L., & Ng, F. T. (2003). Upgrading of
asphalt with and without partial oxidation in supercritical water. Fuel 82 , 1231–
1239
Sear, T. (1993). Logistics Planning in the downstream oil industry. Journal of
Operational Research Society 44 , 9-17.
Shambora, W. E., & Rossiter, R. (2007). Are there exploitable inefficiencies in the
futures market for oil? Energy Economics 29 , 18–27.
Shouyang, W., Lean, Y., & Lai, K. K. (2005). CRUDE OIL PRICE FORECASTING
WITH TEI@I METHODOLOGY. Journal of Systems Science and Complexity Vol.
18 No. 2 , 145-166.
Silva, A. C., Fernandes, J., Ohishi, T., Mendes, A., Franca, F. A., & Delgado, E. A.
Intelligent control of oil transportation in a pipeline network by genetic algorithm
and simplex method. Borrador.
Song, W. (2010). Building an early warning system for crude oil price using neural
network (Working Paper). Journal of East Asian Economic Integration Vol. 14, No.
2 , 79-110.
Speight, J. (2009). Enhanced recovery methods for heavy oil and tar sands. Gulf
Speight, J. G. (2004). Asphaltenes, Resins and the Structure of Petroleum. Oil &
Gas Science and Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 No. 5 , 467-477.
Speight, J. G. (2004). Petroleum Asphaltenes Part 2 The Effect of Asphaltenes and
Resin Constituents on Recovery and Refining Processes. Oil & Gas Science and
Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 59 No. 5 , 479-488.
Steele, D. F. (2010). Pipeline Operators Gains By Wirelessly Monitoring Cathodic
Protection. Pipeline and Gas Journal 237 no6 , 43-45.
Stelacchio, R. J., Booker, D. D., & Chan, H. C. (2004). Patente nº US 6,773,630
B2. San Ramón, U.S.A.
Szkloa, A. S., Machadoa, G., Schaeffera, R., Simoesa, A. F., & Barboza, J. (2006).
Placing Brazil’s heavy acid oils on international markets. Energy Policy 34 , 692–
705.
Tchambak, E., Oyeneyin, B., & Oluyemi, G. (2010). CO2 Injection Studied For
Deepwater Heavy Oil Reservoir. Pipeline and gas journal Vol 37. No. 12 , 63-67
Thomas, S. A., County, H., Gilbert, W. W., Gilbert, K., & Huffman, A. R. (2002).
Patente nº US 6,427,774 B2. United States.
Thomas, S. (2008). Enhanced Oil Recovery - An Overview. Oil & Gas Science
Technology Rev. IFP Vol. 63 , 9-19.
Trujillo, M., Mercado, D., Maya, G., Castro, R., Soto, C., Pérez, H., y otros. (2010).
Selection Methodology for Screening Evaluation of Enhanced-Oil-Recovery
Methods. SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference.
Lima, Peru: Society of Petroleum Engineers.
Tubb, R. -M. (2011). 2011 Worldwide Pipeline Construction Report. Pipeline & Gas
Journal , 26-34.
Vaezi, M., Passandideh-Fard, M., Moghiman, M., & Charmchi, M. (2011).
Gasification of heavy fuel oils: A thermochemical equilibrium approach. Fuel 90 ,
878–885
VIT - Ecopetrol. (2010). Cadena de Comercialización de Combustibles Líquidos en
Colombia.
VIT - Ecopetrol. (2010). Operación Centralizada.
VIT - Ecopetrol. (2009). Visión sobre transporte, almacenamiento y manejo de
crudos.
Widodo, I., Tontowi, A. E., & Subagyo. (2011). A Model of Product Performance
Forecasting: A Hybrid. Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology , 1-9
Xia, T. X., & Greaves, M. (2006). In Situ Upgrading of Athabasca Tar Sand
Bitumen Using THAI. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 84 , 856–864.
Yu, L., Wang, S., & Lai, K. K. (2008). Forecasting crude oil price with an EMDbased neural network ensemble learning paradigm. Energy Economics 30 , 2623–
2635.
Zagrivnyi, E. A., Kozyaruk, A. E., Malarev, V. I., & Mel'nikova, E. E. (2010).
Prospects of Applying Bottom-Hole Electrothermal Complexes to Increas Oil
Recovery of Layers with High-Viscosity Oil. Russian Electrical Engineering Vol. 81
No. 1 , 31-36.
Zaitoun, A., Tabary, R. F., & Boyle, T. (1998). Implementin a Heavy-Oil HorizontalWell Polymer Flood in Western Canada. 7th UNITAR International Conference on
Heavy Crude and Tar Sands, (págs. 1-9). Beijing, China.
Ze-xia, F., Teng-Fei, W., & Yu-Hai, H. (2009). Upgrading and viscosity reducing of
heavy oils by [BMIM][AlCl4] ionic liquid. Journal of fuel chemistry and technology
37 Issue 6 , 690-693.
152792
TE05470
Autor
López Bello, César Almícar
Institución
Resumen
La herramienta desarrollada en este trabajo permite determinar los flujos de crudo pesado por el Oleoducto Bicentenario de Colombia y almacenados en las dos estaciones ubicadas en los extremos del sistema de transporte mientras el precio se mantiene en un valor para garantizar la mayor ganancia. Una red neuronal artificial entrenada de doble capa permite determinar los precios en el periodo evaluado a partir de información macroeconómica de entidades oficiales y de los resultados de textos patrones en un motor de búsqueda por Internet