Análisis de dos tratamientos pre-germinativos y cuatro sustratos en la propagación sexual de Coffea arabica L. (CAFÉ) en la ciudad de Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze two pre-germination treatments and four substrates in the sexual propagation of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in the city of Riobamba, province of Chimborazo. Seeds of the species under study were recently collected from the Pallatanga town. They were dried, and their shell was removed. These were distributed in equal parts to form a complete block randomized design with a 4x3 factorial structure with two repetitions, including the factors A and B. The first one consisted of the pre-germination treatments: Water at normal temperature for 24 hours, Hot water for two minutes and Seeds without treatment. The second factor consisted of the substrates: Black Earth (25%) + Sand (25%) + Husk (50%), Sand (50%)+ Black Earth (25%) + Husk (25%), Black Earth (50 %) + Sand (50%) and River sand (100%). The seeds were germinated in beds with the treatments formed in order to determine their germination percentage. Then, they were transplanted to bags where the growth data in height, diameter, and the number of leaves were taken at 30, 60, and 90 days; With these data, the growth rates were obtained, data that were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test. A maximum of 26% of emergency was obtained with the applied treatments. In addition, a significant difference was obtained only in the speed of growth of the height of the plants in the period of 30 to 60 days with the treatment of Water at normal temperature for 24 hours with Black Earth (25%) + Sand (25%) + Husk (50%). The low temperature in the city limited the emergence and growth of Coffea arabica. Therefore, it was recommended to test the sexual reproduction of this species in a controlled environment.