Comparación de tres métodos de riego y ajuste del uso consuntivo (Kc) mediante lisimetria en el cultivo de ajo (Allium sativum L.) en la estación experimental Tunshi.

Abstract

This present investigation aimed to determine the most efficient irrigation method and Kc adjustment by means of lysimetry in garlic (Allium sativum L.) crop in Tunshi experimental station. A complete randomized design (CRD) was used with 3 treatments and 3 replications. T1gravity, T2 drip and T3 sprinkling were used to determine the irrigation efficiency and a block of lysimeters of 3 replications with drip for the adjustment of the kc, 10 plants were selected at random for gathering biometric data such as: height, pseudostem diameter, stomatal conductance before and after irrigation, water potential before and after irrigation every 20 days, relative water content, plant dry matter, water footprint, yield in kg/ha and finally the benefit/cost ratio of each treatment was calculated. The application efficiency was obtained by applying the uniformity coefficient formula for the drip and sprinkling treatments, in gravity with the infiltrated and drained volume, whereas the kc adjustment the duration of the phenological stages was determined by direct observation in the field, the ETc and ETo were obtained by calculating the input and output volume divided by the area of each lysimeter. The statistical analysis determined that treatment 2 were the best compared to the treatments 3 and 1, the Kc per phenological stage is: initial 0.2, development 0.71, intermediate 1.26 and final 0.83, the lowest water footprint was obtained with treatment 2 (522.83 l/kg), finally treatment 2 had the highest profit with 97% profitability. Therefore, it is recommended to use treatment 2 in garlic production in order to obtain the benefit proposed in this investigation.