Diseño y simulación de un equipo para desinfección de suelos con capacidad de 50 litros para la estación de Investigación de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, ubicada en el cantón Cayambe provincia de Pichincha

Abstract

For this titling project, a device that is capable of disinfecting soils by means of water vapor will be designed and simulated. It is known that the chemicals used for soil disinfection, such as methyl bromide, are widely marketed for this activity, however, at Being a chemical product generates a harmful impact on the soil for the disinfection of fungi, insects and bacteria. Over the years, various methods have been used for disinfection and sterilization, however, the most used method that has provided a quick and effective response has been the use of steam. By using high temperatures, it allows the elimination of microbes and pathogenic microorganisms directly attacked their cell membranes, the steam, by not leaving toxic residues, allows a shorter time for the sowing process, according to studies carried out once 24 hours after disinfection can be continued with the planting process. This steam disinfection is generally used for processes that contain large amounts of substrate since the time the process takes is from 15 to 20 minutes, certain parameters must be taken into account to guarantee the elimination of microbes, such as maintaining a pressure of two atmospheres. and a temperature between 115 and 120 ˚C. The application of steam can be done in several ways, however in this case a closed container will be used, and the steam will be passively applied. By using a closed container, we have the advantage that by means of the inlet pressure the steam will penetrate the substrate.