Article
Contrasting Metatrochal Behavior of Mollusc and Annelid Larvae and the Regulation of Feeding While Swimming
Registro en:
The Biological Bulletin, Volume 236, Issue 2, april 2019, Pages: 130-143
1939-8697
10.1086/701730
Autor
Strathmann, Richard R.
Brante Ramírez, Antonio
Oyarzun, Fernanda X.
Resumen
Artículo de publicación Web of Science Molluscan veliger larvae and some annelid larvae capture particulate food between a preoral prototrochal band of long cilia that create a current for both swimming and feeding and a postoral metatrochal band of shorter cilia that beat toward the prototroch. Larvae encountering satiating or noxious particles must somehow swim without capturing particles or else reject large numbers of captured particles. Because high rates of particle capture are inferred to depend on the beat of both ciliary bands, arrest of the metatroch could be one way to swim while reducing captures. Larvae in eight families of annelids arrest metatrochal cilia frequently during prototrochal beat, often over a large part of the metatrochal band and with the arrested cilia aligned near the beginning of the effective stroke. In contrast, metatrochs of veligers of gastropods and bivalves rarely arrested while the prototroch beat, and those arrests were more localized and variable in position. This difference in metatrochal arrest was unexpected under hypotheses of either a single origin of this feeding mechanism or multiple origins within each phylum. Although different in metatrochal arrests, larvae of both phyla can separate swimming from feeding while both prototroch and metatroch beat. One hypothesis explaining low rates of capture per encounter, without metatrochal arrest, is a change in adhesion of prototrochal cilia with algae. In a few observations, part of the velar edge was retained within the veliger's shell so that exposed prototrochal cilia contributed to swimming while the adjacent metatroch and food groove were sequestered.