The data and code deposited here are associated with the analysis carried out in the study by Fleischer et al., Amazon forest response to CO2 fertilization dependent on plant phosphorus acquisition, Nature Geoscience (2019). This dataset and related publication are part of the AmazonFACE∫ME (AmazonFACE/ME) research project (https://labterra.cpa.unicamp.br/amazonface-me/).