Emergencias odontopedi?tricas: traumas vs. condiciones no traum?ticas

Abstract

[Espa?ol] Las visitas de emergencias dentales al consultorio por parte de pacientes pedi?tricos es una preocupaci?n a nivel mundial que se presenta con frecuencia durante la pr?ctica profesional. Estas visitas pueden deberse a traumatismos dentales o a condiciones dentales que no est?n relacionadas con estas, tales como odontalgia, abscesos, lesiones de tejido blando, entre otros. El objetivo general de esta investigaci?n es identificar las condiciones traum?ticas y no traum?ticas que se presentan con mayor frecuencia como consulta de emergencia en odontopediatr?a, as? como evaluar distintos factores que est?n relacionados con las generalidades de las emergencias odontopedi?tricas. La investigaci?n exhaustiva del tema deja como conclusi?n que dentro de las emergencias odontopedi?tricas, la m?s frecuente es la caries dental, siendo esta una condici?n no traum?tica, sin embargo, dentro de los traumatismos dentales el m?s frecuente es la fractura coronal en dentici?n permanente y la luxaci?n en dentici?n primaria. Se concluy? que el rango de edad donde se presentan m?s traumatismos es de 2-4 a?os en dentici?n primaria y 8-12 a?os en dentici?n permanente, siendo m?s predominante en el sexo masculino.

[English] Dental emergency visits by pediatric patients is a worldwide concern that occurs frequently during professional practice. These visits may be due to dental trauma or dental conditions that are not related to them, such as dental pain, abscesses, soft tissue injuries, among others. The general aim of this research is to identify the traumatic and non-traumatic conditions that appear most frequently as an emergency consultation in pediatric dentistry, as well as to evaluate different factors that are related to the generalities of pediatric dental emergencies. The exhaustive investigation of the subject concludes that within pediatric emergencies, the most frequent is dental caries, this being a non-traumatic condition, however, among dental trauma, the most frequent is coronal fracture in permanent dentition and luxation in primary dentition. It was concluded that the age range where the most trauma occurs is 2-4 years in the primary dentition and 8-12 years in the permanent dentition, being more predominant in male patients.