bachelorThesis
Remoções de matéria orgânica, compostos específicos, cor e toxicidade em efluente de celulose por reator de leito móvel MBBR
Fecha
2015-11-23Registro en:
PEITZ, Camila. Remoções de matéria orgânica, compostos específicos, cor e toxicidade em efluente de celulose por reator de leito móvel MBBR. 2015. 59 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Química) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 2015.
Autor
Peitz, Camila
Resumen
The timber industry contributed with an average of 5.5% with the total amount of the brazilian industrial GNP in 2014, keeping Brazil as the 4th world's largest pulp producer. Among its features, the pulp industry uses 30 to 60 m3 of water per ton of pulp produced, generating effluent as a result. In general, this effluent has high concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), color and toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment of a Kraft effluent containing phytosterols, through a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR), using parameters such as removal of organic matter, specific compounds and ecotoxicity on Daphnia magna, in addition to correspondent banking relationships between these parameters. The biological treatment took place for 125 days, when 2 mg.L-1 of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were added to the Kraft pulp effluent. The effluent was characterized according to: BOD5, COD, color, phenolic compounds, attached and suspended biomass in the MBBR reactor. The acute and chronic toxicity were evaluated using NBR 12713, OECD and ASTM standard methods, during the biological treatment. The organic matter removal efficiency was higher for smaller loads (0.6 and 1.2 gCOD.L-1.d-1) reaching an average of 41.63% and 93.2% removal of COD and BOD5 respectively. For larger loads (4.0 and 9.0 gCOD.L-1.d-1) the COD and BOD5 removal rates were lower, reaching an average of 3%, showing that the MBBR reactor is a stable system. The greater color removal amount was 4.6% obtained on OLR 0.6 gCOD.L-1.d-1. The efficiency of removal of phenolic compounds was increased in relation to applied loads reaching 36.2% for the highest load. On attached biomass to the media support, this ranged 6 to 23 g.L-1, as the biomass suspended in the reactor concentration was relatively low, ranging 510-1230 mg.L-1, with reason VSS/TSS 0.73. It was also found that the treated effluent showed no effect of acute toxicity, as a counterpart, the tributary of OLR 4.0 and 9.0 gCOD.L- 1.d-1 showed hormesis effect, in which at low concentrations there was an increase in the number neonates with consequent decrease with increasing concentration. Regarding the chronic effects, the tests allowed to determine OEC of over 40% in the treated effluent, higher than influent which was 5% for the highest loads. In general, inhibitory effects of growth, reproduction and longevity were not observed at concentrations up to 30% of effluent treated by MBBR.