bachelorThesis
Desempenho de semeadoras no plantio de soja no município de Santa Izabel do Oeste: Paraná
Fecha
2015-11-25Registro en:
SILVA, Rodrigo Berger da. Desempenho de semeadoras no plantio de soja no município de Santa Izabel do Oeste - Paraná. 2015. 56 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2015.
Autor
Silva, Rodrigo Berger da
Resumen
This work was carried out to evaluate the seeder-fertilizer performance used in the planting of the soybean crop. The evaluations were conducted in commercial fields in the municipality of Santa Izabel do Oeste - Paraná, being evaluated the performance of 16 seeders for planting the 2014/2015 crop. All evaluations were performed in the presence of the machine operator in order to avoid any operational contact with it, analyzing machine parameters, the operator and plantability. The data collection was carried out in part with the application of a questionnaire answered by interview by the operator and / or guardian, raised information about the brand, model, year of manufacture of the sower, experience, time and operator training. The identification of fertilizer furrow opening mechanisms, types of fertilizer and seed dispensing and type of groove compression system, occurred via observation of the machine, while the planting speed was obtained from the average time that all took to travel 30 meters. The volume of soil disturbed and groove depth were estimated using a profilometer. Meanwhile, the estimate of the amount of dry matter is given by the extrapolation of four samples of 0.25 m², were dried at 65 ° C for 48 hours and its mass determined. The soil moisture content was given by the standard gravimetric method based on dry soil in an oven at 105-110 ° C and the longitudinal distribution of the seeds was accomplished by counting the spacing between the seeds 20 in three sampling points for each machine. It was identified 6 models of planters with time up to 12 years’ service. All had seed distribution system for horizontal honeycomb disk, because basically the cost of acquisition is lower. As for the furrow openers for fertilizer, 4 types have been identified (double disc wavy disc cutter and shaft), and the machines used the rod-like device, on average they reached deeper groove, while the guillotine device, the greater soil volume mobilized. It was found that the planting rate was between 5.67 and 7.80 km h-1 and the soil moisture content ranged from 23.33 to 30.16% dry matter with a cover over the soil between 2.946 to 6.680 kg ha-1. The performance of seeders when the distribution of seeds for the most part was considered regular, although the planting speed for the most part has stayed above the 6.0 km h-1, and not an operator had specific training.