Técnicas para aumentar a conectividade e o desempenho das VANETs: análise do tempo de duração das rotas e um novo protocolo de roteamento

Abstract

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are mobile networks whose aim is to provide communication between vehicles, delivering security and entertainment to passengers. However, their performance is utterly dependent on the existence of routes and the time they stay established, once the vehicular traffic is variable. In these environments, several factors may influence the route duration time (and consequently, the network connectivity), such as speed, density, travel orientation and transmission range. Knowing and evaluating the route duration times and the factors that most influence this time duration may help develop protocols and applications more adequate for maximizing the network connectivity, as well as contribute to the development of a more efficient mobile communication infrastructure. This work proposes techniques to improve the performance of Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) networks, through the analysis of the factors which most influence the route duration time and by the development of a new routing protocol, which based on those factors, will be able to select the route with the best connectivity. Simulation experiments demonstrate that: the route duration time is longer in denser networks and when vehicles travel in the same direction; the route duration time does not change significantly due to variation in vehicle speed, when the vehicular traffic is limited by environment (as in urban vehicular environment). Considering the results of these experiments, it is proposed the Improved Connectivity – AOMDV (IC_AOMDV) which, without using any external infrastructure, has outperformed the classic AOMDV protocol in all performance metrics analyzed.