Avaliação do tratamento, por processo foto fenton, de um efluente de equipamento laboratorial automatizado

Abstract

Among the effluents, with the special characteristics, which need different treatment, or pre-treatment, are then disposed in the sewage system or network. Most of the Brazilian municipalities that do not have any kind of sewage collection or effluent treatment, which have inefficient technology in the removal of high organic loads, micro pollutants, toxic compounds and recalcitrant substances. According to CONAMA Resolution 430/11, hospital waste can be discharged into the sewage collection network, provided that it meets the parameters of NBR 9800/87. However, this resolution does not establish limit values for the physico-chemical characterization of hospital waste. CONAMA also establishes in article 23, section III, that these residues can be evaluated for their toxicity. The effluents generated in health care establishments have special characteristics that make them unique in their composition. In this work the physical-chemical monitoring of the liquid effluent generated in an automated laboratory analysis equipment of a large health support establishment was carried out. Analyzes before and after photo-Fenton treatment using UVA radiation demonstrate that the process is a promising means of treating effluents generated by such equipment. Two tests were carried out, the first, a slowed process, using a high pressure mercury vapor lamp suspended above the effluent, simulating the incidence of solar energy under the effluent, and the second method, called the intense process, using the same dipped lamp in the samples. The immersed system reached COD reduction values of the order of 79% after 3 hours of treatment. The results of COT also confirm high process mineralization capacity, of the order of 90%. The phenolic compounds were reduced by 94%. Furthermore, effluent phytotoxicity tests were performed and the results indicated a significant reduction, demonstrating that more studies related to the optimization of the treatment conditions should be carried out in order to obtain greater reductions and less environmental impact for the disposal of this type of effluent.