masterThesis
Avaliação da eletrocoagulação como pré-tratamento de efluente de uma indústria de panificação
Fecha
2018-02-06Registro en:
SANTANA, Marcela Marcondes de. Avaliação da eletrocoagulação como pré-tratamento de efluente de uma indústria de panificação. 2018. 97 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 2018.
Autor
Santana, Marcela Marcondes de
Resumen
The food sector has great influence in the national industrial scenario, possessing a high number of industries and consequently a high generation of jobs. However, the effluent produced by food industrialization has a high polluting potential, being characterized by high concentrations of COD, and oils and greases. In the present work, the use of electrocoagulation as pre-treatment for effluents from an industry of breads, pastas and cakes was evaluated in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. In a first step the use of a set of aluminum electrodes and another set of iron electrodes was studied, modifying parameters such as initial pH, and operating conditions such as voltage and treatment time. The parameters selected as criteria to evaluate the system after electrocoagulation were final pH, COD, solids and turbidity, the latter being determined as a response factor. The results showed that the percentage of COD removal was small considering the two types of electrodes, the final pH with aluminum remained practically stable but with iron there was an increase. The turbidity was the parameter that presented the best response to the treatment considering the two electrodes tested, being the aluminum most effective reaching 97,91% of removal with initial pH of 7, voltage of 12V and time of 40mim. After the determination of the electrode material and the optimum conditions of operation, the kinetic tests were conducted with effluent from a second collection at the same site. They were carried out in a batch, with a maximum operating time of 40 minutes, and the samples were collected every 5 minutes. The parameters turbidity, final pH, COD, oils and greases, color, color 254 nm, temperature, conductivity, chlorides, residual aluminum and sludge generation were analyzed, with removals of 40,8%, 94,38 %, 85,6% and 98,24% for COD, turbidity, apparent color and total oils and greases, respectively. Regarding the final pH of the solution, there was an increase compared to the initial pH, and at the end of the treatment it was measured 8,17. The sludge generation rate was 3,73 g / L, which is considered small compared to chemical coagulation. From the results presented, the electrocoagulation was effective for a pre-treatment of effluent from the food industry. Therefore, it can be considered an efficient pre-treatment alternative, of easy execution and with less generation of waste compared to the chemical electrocoagulation.