masterThesis
Tratamento da água da chuva por radiação ultravioleta usando energia fotovoltaica
Fecha
2018-03-16Registro en:
SANTOS, Francielle, Rocha. Tratamento da água da chuva por radiação ultravioleta usando energia fotovoltaica. 2018. 82 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Civil) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 2018.
Autor
Santos, Francielle da Rocha
Resumen
Scarcity, deterioration in the quality of water sources and increased demand for water
have been a problem for both developing and developed countries. Given this scenario,
the use of alternative sources such as rainwater harvesting and utilization is a feasible
solution. In remote places, without water and electricity supply, the use of a rainwater
harvesting system with ultraviolet disinfection and powered by an isolated photovoltaic
panel can be the solution for water and energy supply. However, the focus of this research
is to use this system for non-potable water disinfection, ie toilets and external taps. Thus,
in this work the efficiency of the isolated photovoltaic system and the quality of the
rainwater after passing through the ultraviolet (UV) germicidal lamp is evaluated. In order
to measure water quality, 13 analyzes were carried out at the Water Treatment and
Treatment Laboratory of the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR). Water
analysis of the cistern and after the passage through the UV disinfection system were
performed using different flow rates to determine which would be more feasible for the
system. The measured parameters were pH, temperature, color, turbidity, total dissolved
solids and total and thermotolerant coliforms. These parameters have standards of use in
accordance with NBR 15.527 of 2007 regarding the use of rainwater for non-potable
purposes. In addition to these analyzes, a sample was analyzed in a laboratory of the
Sanitation Company of Paraná (SANEPAR) referring to cistern and the maximum flow for
the parameters of total and thermotolerant coliforms. Rainfall and solar irradiation data
are collected to determine if the system powered by photovoltaic energy is viable in the
city of Curitiba. The research showed that the city of Curitiba does not have a dry season,
so the rains occur throughout the year, and thus, the system remains in operation
throughout the year. The results for water analysis demonstrated that the UV disinfection
system is efficient, and at the mean and minimum flows had 100% improvements in water
quality for coliforms. These same flows were within the standards established by NBR
15527 of 2007. The isolated photovoltaic system proved to be effective for UV disinfection,
since the irradiation rates were feasible even in the winter period, when solar irradiation
is generally lower. The maximum and average flow rates have the volume of water
suitable for use in a residence of up to four people. However, the values of the minimum
flow would not supply the daily quota for the toilets. Finally, it was concluded that the selfsufficient system, that is, connected to photovoltaic energy, operated in a positive way
during all the seasons of the year demonstrating that the junction of these three slopes
can be very beneficial.