bachelorThesis
Síntese e caracterização de filmes a base de amido e glicerol com adição de argilominerais
Fecha
2015-11-16Registro en:
PASSOS, Elthon Ferreira. Síntese e caracterização de filmes a base de amido e glicerol com adição de argilominerais. 2015. 57 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2015.
Autor
Passos, Elthon Ferreira
Resumen
The study and development of biodegradable polymeric materials has been growing steadily in recent decades, due to the large increase in solid waste generation. Among the more biopolymers used are the biopolymers starch-based, however, when used alone, have properties which strongly limit their use. Accordingly, additives are incorporated to the material for the purpose of better and / or modify its properties, expanding the range of applications for them. Among the most used additives may be mentioned plasticizers such as glycerol, and clay minerals, where the first is due to assign flexibility to the material, the latter is incorporated in order to improve thermal resistance, barrier and mechanics polymers. In this work, we synthesized films based starch and glycerol incorporated with different clay minerals (standards and in kind) in order to determine whether the added charges influenced the properties of films produced. The materials were characterized by FTIR techniques, SEM, EDS, TG, colorimetry, water solubility and permeability to water vapor. It was found after the completion of the analysis, that the addition of clay to polymer matrices actually changed the film properties. The FTIR analysis confirmed the existence of the mineral clay diluted in the polymer. SEM analysis showed that the clay minerals dispersed homogeneously in the movies, especially kaolinite, and solubility and permeability tests confirmed that the films reinforced with the charges in question, showed greater resistance when compared to standard film synthesized. Still, colorimetric and EDS trials contributed to the verification of the basic components of polymers and their influence of the visual properties of the same, showing that the clay mineral containing iron in its structure has increased the change in color of the material. For heat resistance, the addition of clays in the polymer matrices resulted in decreases the degradation temperature of the material. The films produced in this work have important properties and interest for the synthesis of biodegradable polymer materials, which suggests the continued research in this direction, for their future application in various sectors.