bachelorThesis
Avaliação espaço-temporal da paisagem: um estudo sobre fragmentação florestal no município de Osasco - SP
Fecha
2021-11-30Registro en:
ANDRADE, Bruno de Lima Torquato de. Avaliação espaço-temporal da paisagem: um estudo sobre fragmentação florestal no município de Osasco - SP. 2021. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia Ambiental) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, 2021.
Autor
Andrade, Bruno de Lima Torquato de
Resumen
This work aimed to highlight the landscape changes and the dynamics of the forest fragmentation process in Osasco municipality, in five-year intervals between 1985 and 2020. For this purpose, annual land cover and land use data from MapBiomas Collection 6 were used and reclassified into different land use categories. The obtained raster images were reprojected, adopting a spatial resolution of 30 meters. Different landscape metrics were used from the LecoS complementary extension in the free software QGis for application on the forest fragments. The Patton Diversity Index was calculated to assess the shape complexity of the forest patches. The fragments were classified into different size categories for comparison with Atlantic Forest standards and area-level discussions. The OpenLand package of the R programming language was applied to verify the intensity of gain and loss of land use categories in the studied interval, considering a dynamic level of transition between categories within the evolution. The landscape metrics showed a sharp reduction in the agriculture and cattle ranching mosaics, with high gains for non-vegetated urban areas. All the land use categories present in Osasco have lost space to the urban network between the years of the study period, with the Forest category tending to be substituted by Farming, which in turn is taken by Non-Vegetable Area. The largest forest fragment is located in the northern part, belongs to the private sector and currently occupies more than half of the green area of the municipality. The great majority of the forest fragments are small and follow Atlantic Forest patterns, besides the most considerable areas being protected by conservation units. It is possible to conclude that between the 80's and 90's the forests were more fragmented and vulnerable, but in 2020 the extent of forest cover is smaller and the patches more isolated, making the migration of species between fragments more difficult. The northern, western, and southern regions of the municipality have undergone the greatest number of changes between categories. Considering that the urban matrix is extremely dominant in Osasco, it is recommended that urban development actions consider the few remaining forest fragments, through programs that enable the sustainable maintenance of green areas in the municipality.