Desempenho de populações de dois cruzamentos de feijão preto sob manejo orgânico

Abstract

The bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) is of great importance due to its nutritional characteristics which provide a high protein value for those who consume it, providing a healthier life, so this food is traditional on the table of Brazilians. The bean crop, despite the challenges faced for its production due to its susceptibility to climatic factors, guarantees the income mainly of family farmers. Organic agriculture considers a broad vision of the entire production system involved, seeking the efficient use of non-renewable natural resources, maintenance of biodiversity, environmental preservation, economic development, all associated with the quality of life of the human being who is being benefited with that system. In the search to develop cultivars adapted to the organic production system, two crosses of black bean cultivars were carried out, BRS Esplendor x IAC Netuno (cross 1) and BRS Esteio x IAC Veloz (cross 2), evaluating the performance of parents of both crosses (32 plants each), F1 (24 plants), F2 (160 plants), RC1F1 (16 plants) and RC2F1 (16 plants) populations, based on the components of yield, sieve yield, stem diameter and insertion height of the first legume, which were submitted to descriptive statistics analysis, being obtained means and standard deviations. The results obtained demonstrate that, among the yield components, MGP, NGL, MCG, for the F2 population, they presented intermediate means in relation to their parents in the two crosses. For IPL and DC the best results were presented in cross 2, for increment in advanced lines in order to facilitate the mechanized harvesting of the culture and reduce lodging. As for the yield of sieves, cross 2 showed the highest yield in sieves 12 and 13, showing homogeneity in grain size according to market requirements.