bachelorThesis
Determinação do índice de sustentabilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio do Campo, PR
Fecha
2017-06-19Registro en:
GOTTSTEIN, Pauline. Determinação do índice de sustentabilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio do Campo, PR. 2017. 66 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campo Mourão, 2017.
Autor
Gottstein, Pauline
Resumen
The search for a balance between economic growth, environmental preservation and social justice has strengthened the paradigm of sustainable development. Thus, indicators practice an important role in generating data for sustainability rating, describing the dynamics of existing problems in the area of interest, indicating the direction, the priority of changes and transforming data into information relevant to the political and planning strategies construction, that contribute to sustainable development. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine an environmental sustainability index of the Campo’s river watershed - PR, by representative indicators of environmental, social and economic conditions prevailing in the study area, using geoprocessing techniques. The sustainability index (SI) used in this study consists of an adaptation of Couto's (2007) proposal, which consists of three dimensions that characterize land use and occupation (soil use factor), the physical condition of the area (potential fragility factor) and the human development condition (human development factor), reflecting the aspects proposed in the evaluation model Pressure - State - Impact - Response (PSIR), recommended by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The SI was calculated in nine sub-basins and for the entire Campo’s river watershed, expressed as a number between zero and one, where the closer to the unit the better is the condition of basin sustainability. Thus, the Campo’s river watershed presented, for the soil use factor, predominantly agricultural areas, corresponding to this factor the weight of 0.55. For the potential fragility factor, the indicators applied indicated predominantly flat areas, with a roughness varying from medium to poor, resulting in an index of 0.69. The human development factor, which analyzed the dimensions of education, longevity, sanitation and income, showed the lowest values for the sanitation dimension and the best ones for the longevity dimension, with a final index of 0.671. The aggregation of the three factors that make up the sustainability index indicated that the Campo’s river watershed presents an average level of sustainability with SI of 0.64. However, it is noteworthy that the achievement of SI by sub-basin allowed the identification of several levels of sustainability within the same watershed, evidencing that the most critical area is comprised in sub-basin 3, belonging to the municipality of Peabiru, on the other hand, the best sustainability condition was found in sub-basin 6, belonging to the municipality of Campo Mourão. Therefore, it is considered that the generated index can be used for a quick diagnosis of the watershed conditions, being taken advantage by local communities, both by public institutions and private entities, in the support to the planning and management of socioeconomic and environmental actions aimed to the sustainability of the sub-basins analyzed.