Estudo de habitações de interesse social na cidade de Apucarana: estudo de caso no conjunto habitacional Sumatra I

Abstract

The right to adequate housing is guaranteed in the Federal Constitution. Although the State is not obliged to provide housing to all inhabitants, it is duty to provide means to ensure such access. In this context, it was constituted by Federal Law nº. 11.977 / 2009, the Minha Casa Minha Vida Program, with the main objective of reducing the housing deficit in the country. Once the program meets the minimum conditions required, many homes are built very speed and with low quality material. Thus, the early appearance of pathological manifestations occurs in these units. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the condition of social housing in the city of Apucarana, especially in the case of Sumatra I, which was the first set built with funds from PMCMV in the city. The study was conducted through a checklist that allows to evaluate the main construction phases and a questionnaire answered by the residents of the residences about the difficulties of living in the periphery. A total of 10 units were evaluated and all presented pathological manifestations. Of all occurrences, the four that presented the highest percentage were studied in this work, showing possible causes that led to the manifestations and possible corrective. The most frequent manifestations were: mold spots near the infrastructure, mold spots in the internal painting, infiltrations from the roof and cracks around the frames. In addition, two units in the set were vacated as they presented structural risks. The layout of the units has also been evaluated and does not meet minimum requirements required by the Ministry of Cities. Regarding the interviews, it is noteworthy that although residents answered satisfaction about housing, most would want to change, if it were possible. With the data gathered, an improvement project was presented, showing how a good furniture organization can help in the best use of space. Therefore, better supervision of residential units for lowincome families is necessary, since the reduction of the housing deficit should not be a justification for irregular construction.