This study intends to examine the question of the new institutionality of the urban sector in Brazil, stimulated by the new Constitution and also by the practices of positive results and live experiences amassed by the local power of some municipalities. The writer discusses, as well, the participation of urban communities in the fight for creating again political spaces where relationships of confront and agreement may be constructed, between such communities and the local government.Poder local no Brasil. Revalorização dos "domínios territorializados" e da "pesquisa do local".  Nova institucionalidade do setor urbano brasileiro. Participação de comunidades urbanas na recriação de espaços políticos. Local como construção social no cotidiano das cidades e como objeto de pesquisa de disciplinas.