This paper analises the orange and milk chain of the agroindustrial complex in Bahia in order to suggest public policies to suport competitive strategies by the firms. To achieve this goal, it is suggested, first of ali, the necessity to build a theoretical and empirical framework that can match a global and integrated view of the regional development with the neo-Schumpeterian approach to ndustrial competitiveness.Situação da agroindústria no estado da Bahia. Cadeias produtivas da laranja e do leite. Tecnologia industrial básica. Políticas regionais voltadas para a integração competitiva.