Article
Haloperidol, dynamics of choice, and the parameters of the matching law
Fecha
2007Autor
Moya-Raygoza, G.
Hogenhout, S.A.
Nault, L.R.
Institución
Resumen
Although the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (DeLong and Wolcott) is the most important vector of maize pathogens in Latin America, little is known about how and where it overwinters (passes the dry season), particularly in Mexico. The objectives of this study were (1) to monitor the abundance of D. maidis adults throughout the dry season in maize and maize-free habitats and (2) to determine where and how D. maidis adults, exposed or nonexposed to the maize pathogen Spiroplasma kunkelii Whitcomb, overwinter in a maize-free habitat. Work for the first objective was done during the two consecutive dry seasons of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001; the second objective was done during the dry seasons of 2003-2004 and 2005-2006. During the dry winter seasons, D. maidis was prevalent as long as maize was present in irrigated areas. The leafhopper was found in 52 of the 58 irrigated maize fields sampled in Mexico at the end of the dry seasons of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001. However, leafhopper adults were not found in nonirrigated maize-free habitats at high elevation during the dry winter season (February, March, and April), although leafhopper adults were prevalent on perennial wild grasses in January after maize harvest. Additional experiments revealed, however, that corn leafhopper adults, although few in number, survived the entire dry season in these nonirrigated maize-free fields. Also, no detectable difference in survival existed between leafhoppers exposed and those not exposed to S. kunkelli during the two dry seasons in the maize-free habitat. " 2007 Entomological Society of America.",,,,,,"10.1603/0046-225X(2007)36[1066:HOTCLH]2.0.CO;2",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/41828","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-35748967911&partnerID=40&md5=3ca64ced028c9f7603cdce76f76d46c2 http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=med5&AN=18284730",,,,,,"5",,"Environmental Entomology",,"1066 1072",,"36",,"Scopus WOS MEDLINE",,,,"Index Medicus;Animals;Ecosystem;Hemiptera/vi [Virology];Hemiptera;Host-Pathogen Interactions;Mexico;Seasons;Spiroplasma/ip [Isolation & Purification];Zea mays/ps [Parasitology];Zea mays/vi [Virology]",,"Maize; Overwinter; Pest; Vectors",,,,,,"Habitat of the corn leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) during the dry (winter) season in Mexico",,"Article"
"43601","123456789/35008",,"Panduro Baron, J.G., División de Gineco-Obstetricia, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Universidad de Guadalajara.; Gamboa, R., División de Gineco-Obstetricia, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Universidad de Guadalajara.; Gaxiola Castro, R., División de Gineco-Obstetricia, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Universidad de Guadalajara.; Zamora Gallegos, G.Y., División de Gineco-Obstetricia, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Universidad de Guadalajara.; Arellano Loera, D., División de Gineco-Obstetricia, Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara, Universidad de Guadalajara.",,"Panduro Baron, J.G. Gamboa, R. Gaxiola Castro, R. Zamora Gallegos, G.Y. Arellano Loera, D.",,"1993",,"Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare occurrence in pregnant women. We describe the case of a 21-year old woman, seen at "Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara" with a term pregnancy, who presented with limbs weakness and paresthesias, drowsiness and malaise. Her vital signs were normal but she was quadriparetic, there was muscular atrophy in the extremities and deep tendon reflexes were decreased. Spinal fluid analysis revealed a protein of 71.2 mg/dl, glucosa 48 mg/dl and no white cells and both Gram stain and routine cultures were negative. EMG studies reported poliradiculoneuritis; a C-section was done, and both the mother and a newborn girl did very well. Guillain-Barre syndrome should be suspected in similar cases in order to offer prompt intervention.",,,,,,,,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/41822","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027635755&partnerID=40&md5=48083d3ba6517a7e3c2e575578b90197",,,,,,,,"Ginecologia y Obstetricia de Mexico",,"207 209",,"61",,"Scopus",,,,,,,,,,,,"Guillain-Barre syndrome and pregnancy [Síndrome de Guillain-Barre y embarazo.]",,"Article"
"43612","123456789/35008",,"Aparicio, C.F., University of Guadalajara-CUCS, Department of Neuroscience, Sierra Mojada 950, Peatonal 3, Guadalajara, México 44340, Mexico",,"Aparicio, C.F.",,"2007",,"The idea that dopamine mediates the reinforcing effects of stimuli persists in the field of neurosciences. The present study shows that haloperidol, a dopamine antagonist, does not eliminate the reinforcing value of food reinforcers. The ratio of reinforcers changed seven times across two levers within sessions, modeling a dynamic environment. The magnitude of the reinforcer was manipulated independently of the reinforcer ratio. Four doses of intraperitoneal haloperidol were assessed over periods of 12 daily sessions. Haloperidol did not impair the discrimination that the rats established between rich and lean levers; the response distributions favored the lever associated with the higher probability of reinforcement and the larger pellets. The parameters of the generalized matching law (bias and sensitivity) were used to estimate effects of haloperidol upon the motor system and upon the rats' motivation for food reinforcers. " 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.