The objective was to review and analyze narratively the etiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. For that purpose, Latin-American and international references were reviewed on different web pages. Publications from 1995 to April 2022 were reviewed. Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorders are of theories diseases in medicine and are found among menstruating women of all ages.